四、阅读训练(《小石潭记》课文见课本P124-P126)1、作者通过小石潭人迹罕至、凄清幽静的环境,意在表达怎样的思想感情?______________________________________________________________________________2、《小石潭记》描绘了小石潭的哪些景物?______________________小石潭的特征是什么?___________________________________(12字)。小石潭的气氛是什么?___________________________(8字)。作者的感受是_________________________________。3、《小石潭记》的作者按_______________顺序(移步换景),依次写了_______________-___________________-________________-_________________________。4、《小石潭记》写法上有何特点?____________________________________。5、《小石潭记》中,作者的心情有什么变化?从哪些内容可以看出来?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。6、从文中找出你喜欢的句子,并说说理由。句子:_________________________________________________________________理由:_______________________________________________________________________________。7、为发展旅游事业,当地拟开发小石潭景点,请你根据文章内容为该景点拟写一则简介。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。8、如果你经“时空隧道”返回唐朝,与柳宗元在小石潭相见,听他倾诉内心的悲怆之情,说几句劝慰的话,其中要恰当引用一些名句。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。9、作者刚发现小石潭及观鱼时的心情如何?游览到最后又是怎样的心情?这样的情感矛盾吗?为什么?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。10、第二段作者是怎样描写小石潭水清澈的?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。11、作者在描写小潭源流时依次抓住溪身、岸势的什么特点来写的?运用了什么修辞手法?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。12、文章第一段“全石以为底”一句有什么作用?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。13、“闻”“伐”“见”几个动词表现了作者怎样的感情?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。14、“伐竹取道”对表现人物心理和小石潭特点的作用:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。15、文章前面写“心乐之”,后面又写“悄怆幽邃”,这一“乐”一“忧”似难相容,该如何理解?结合写作背景,作简要说明。(同第9小题后)16、文章多处描写潭上景物,烘托出_______________________________________的氛围,抒发了作者_________________________________的感情。17、文章第4段作者的感情发生了怎样的变化?为什么会有这样的变化?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。18、“悄怆幽邃,凄神寒骨”一句在全文中的作用是什么?联系全文分析。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。19、作者游小石潭的心情由“乐”到“忧”,你如何看待这种“以物喜、以己悲”的忧乐观。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。20、第二段对游鱼进行描写,其作用是什么?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。