第八章、勾股定理..........................................................................................................................2一、知识精读..........................................................................................................................2(一）、勾股定理....................................................................................................................2（二）.勾股定理的应用........................................................................................................2（三）.勾股定理的证法........................................................................................................2（四）.勾股定理的应用.........................................................................................................3（五）.勾股数.........................................................................................................................3（六）勾股定理的历史背景.................................................................................................4二、中考考点分析..................................................................................................................4三、经典例题分类精讲...........................................................................................................6题型一：直接考查勾股定理...................................................................................................6题型二：利用勾股定理测量长度...........................................................................................6题型三：勾股定理和逆定理并用...........................................................................................7题型四：利用勾股定理求线段长度.......................................................................................7题型五：利用勾股定理逆定理判断垂直...............................................................................8题型六：旋转问题：..............................................................................................................8题型七：关于翻折问题...........................................................................................................9题型八：关于勾股定理在实际中的应用：...........................................................................9题型九：关于最短性问题.......................................................................................................9四、常见错解剖析................................................................................................................10（一）、勾股定理只能在直角三角形中运用.....................................................................10（二）、运用勾股定理时要分清斜边和直角边.................................................................10（三）、给定三角形要分形状运用勾股定理.....................................................................10（四）、不能正确区分直角边和斜边.................................................................................11（六）、不能仅凭模糊记忆.................................................................................................11（七）、考虑不全造成漏解.................................................................................................12五、发散思维点拨.............................................................................................................
