定语从句一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的句子叫定语从句，从句所修饰的词叫先行词。（定语从句之前的词不一定是先行词，根据翻译看句子修饰谁，谁就是先行词）。Eg，I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool____ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.AwhoBwhereCwhenDwhich二、先行词（一、）关系代词thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas（最重要)1、that即可指人也可指物⑴作主语：桌子上的书是我的。Thebookthatisonthetableismine.⑵作宾语：我昨天买得书很畅销。ThebookthatIboughtyesterdaysellswell.⑶作表语：Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.2、which物⑴主语：⑵宾语：⑶定语：duringwhichtime,inwhichcaseEg:①Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,____,hestudeidveryhardandwasmadechairmanoftheStudents’Union.AduringwhichtimeBforwhichtimeCduringwhoseDbythattime②Imayhavetoworklate,___I’lltelephone.AinwhichcaseBinthiscaseCinthatcaseDinwhosecase3、who人⑴主语：Themanwhoisstandingoverthereismyfriend.⑵宾语：ThemanwhoIsawlastyearwasateacher.4、whom人宾语：例子同who作宾语的例子5、whose人和物定语：Thehousewhosewindowsfacesouthsellswell.6、as人和物⑴引导非限制性定语从句：译成：正如。常放句首Asweknow,TaiwanispartofChina.与which区别；which不能放句首；而as翻译成正如指代整个句子。⑵引导限制性定语从句；译成：和。。。一样，像。。。一样常用于结构as。。。as，thesame…as/that,such…as等①thesame…as(同类异物)Iboughtthesamepenasyouhad.②Thesame…that(同类同物)YouareusingthesanmepenthatIlostyesterday.（你偷我的笔了）注意：如果从句不缺主语和宾语，即使出现thesame也不能选as和thatItookthepolicemantothesameplacewhereIwitnessedtherobbery.③such…as(定语从句)：such…that(结果状语从句)Heissuchakindpersonasweliketoworkwith..（定语从句）Heissuchakindpersonthatweliketoworkwithhim.（结果状语从句）（二、）关系副词whenwherewhy1、⑴Ineverforgotthedayswhenwespenttheholidaystogetherinthevilage.⑵Ineverforgotthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetherinthevilage.2、⑴ThefarmwhereIworkedwasknown⑵Thefarmthat/whichIvisitedwasknown.3、⑴Thereasonwhyhecamelatewashisgettinguplate.⑵Thereasonthat/whichheexplainedwasmuchbetter.结论：当先行词是时间/地点/原因时，关系词不一定用when/where/why，要看从句缺少什么成分。三、定语从句中的特殊情况1、定语从句中含有强调句的省略现象（以对话形式出题）___wheredidyoumeethim?___Itwasinthestore_______Iworked.AthatBwhichCwhereDwhen2、介词加关系代词，相当于关系副词；介词通常根据先行词确定或者从句中的不及物动词。⑴ThefarmonwhichIworkedwasknown.⑵ThemantowhomItalkedwasalawyer.2、数次或代词加关系代词（which,whom）Thereare40students,mostofwhomareboys.3、间隔性定语从句（先行词和关系词被单词隔开）例子用定义的例子4、定语从句中的主谓一致问题⑴I,whoamyourfriend,willhelpyou.⑵“oneof加复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时，关系代词在从句中作主语，从句的动词通常用复数，但当one前有the，theonly，thevery等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。①Heisoneofthestudentswhohavemadegreatprogress(他是取得很大进步的学生之一)③Tomistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhohasbeeninvitedtohavedinnerwithus.汤姆是我的朋友中唯一被请来和我们共进晚餐的人。5、定语从句中的完全倒转现象Wegottoafarmhouse,wherelivedanoldfarmerandhisson.6、当先行词是theway时，意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有下列三中形式，that/inwhich/不填，需要满足从句中缺少状语。如果从句中缺少主语或宾语，则按正常的定语从句分析。①Idon’tlikethewayyouspeaktoher.②Thewayyouexplainedwasbetter.(宾语)7、先行词是thetime时。若当‘次数’讲应用that引导且可省略。若当一段时间讲，应用关系副词when或...
