定语从句要点背诵一.名词概念1．定语从句：复合句中，修饰或某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的的从句叫做定语从句。一般紧跟在它所修饰的词后面。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰、限定的词，称为先行词。3.关系词：先行词在定语从句中不重复出现，而使用关系词引导定语从句。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有where,when,why等二.关系词在定语从句的用法that指代人或物，充当主语或宾语，充当宾语时可省略。which指代物，充当主语或宾语，充当宾语时可省略。who指代人，充当主语或宾语，充当宾语时可省略。whom指代人，只能充当宾语，充当宾语时可省略。whose指代人或物，充当定语。Whosecover或whosefatheras指代人或物，充当主语或宾语，so/such……as(定语从句)/that(结果状语从句）●ThebabyissolovelyasIwanttohug.●ThebabyissolovelythatIwanttohugher.(如此..以至于)as常和thesame,such,so,as等连用。●Takeasmanybooksasyoucan.●Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.●It’ssopleasantafilmasIhaveeverseen.●I’llbuythesamedictionaryasyouhave.thesame…..as(同名异物)thesame…..that（同名同物）试比较：ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.(是2本书)ThisisthesamebookthatIlentyouyesterday.（是同一本书）whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替：whose+n=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n关系副词=介词+which，两者可相互替换why=forwhich(先行词先行词)where=in/at/on……which(place,house,city,country,world)when=during/in/at/on……which(time,moment,day,season,year)三.★关系词有三个作用1、引导定语从句;2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分。四.下列情况只用that而不用which（要求背诵）（1）当先行词是all,anything,everything,nothing,none,much,little，(something除外)等不定代词时；（2）当先行词被every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰；（3）先行词是序数词或最高级时或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；（4）行词中既有人又有物时；（5）先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时;（6）疑问词who,which开头的特殊疑问句中，为了避免重复只用that；（7）定语从句中作表语时。五.先行词+that=whatHeisnolongertheboythatheusedtobe.I'lltellyouallthathetoldme.==Heisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.==I'lltellyouwhathetoldme.他不再是过去的那个男孩了。我会告诉他所告诉我的一切。六.介词提前，只可使用“介词+which/whom”结构,且which和whom不能省略。根据先行词选用关系代词，whom指人which指物。不能出现“介词+that”Themoneywithwhichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone,Doyouseetheredhouseinfrontofwhichthereisabigtree?固定的短语不能拆开：如lookfor,lookafter,lookforwardto,takecareofThisispersonwho/whom/thatyouarelookingfor.这是你在找的人。Thisistheverypersonthatyouarelookingfor.这正是你在找的人。七.先行词way在定语从句中作方式状语，后用that或inwhich,且可以省略。Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)youtreatyourfather。我不喜欢你对待父亲的方式。先行词way在定语从句中作主语或宾语，后用that或which,且可以省略。Thisistheway(that/which)hethoughtoftosolvetheproblem..这是他想到解决问题的方式。八.介词+whose+名词1.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,fromwhoseeffectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.==Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,whoseeffectsthepeoplearestillsufferingfrom.上个月，东南亚部分地区受到洪水袭击，人们仍然遭受洪水带来的影响。2.ThemanagerwhosecompanyI’mworkinginpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.=ThemanagerinwhosecompanyI'mworkingpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.我就职的那家公司经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。九.1.Istillrememberthedayswhen/onwhichwestayedtogetherinBeijing.2.Istillrememberthedays(which/that)wespenttogetherinBeijing.3.Thatbluehou...
