英语数词用法数词分基数词和序数词两类。一、数词的分类1.基数A．从1——10one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten．B．从11——19一般在后面加teeneleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen．C．从21——99整数在后面加-ty特殊:twenty，thirty,forty，fifty，eighty21twenty-oneD．百位数101ahundredandoneE．千位数以上thousand千million百万billion十亿F．1)基数词表示确切的数时，不用复数形式.2)表示不确切数，如成百、成千上万，则用复数。Therearehundredsofpeopleinthehall．320threehundredandtwentyG．人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式。Hebecameaprofessorinhisthirties．Itwasinthe1960s．H．基数词的句法功能可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。Thetwohappilyopenedthebox．（作主语）Theythreetriedtofinishthetask（作同位语）2.序数词•表示顺序的词称为序数词。•A．第一至第十九特殊:first，second，third，fifth，eighth，ninth，twelfth•其他:添加“th”。如sixth、nineteenth．B．从第二十至第九十九变y为i，再加“eth”构成。twenty——twentieththirty——thirtieth表示第几十几时，用几十的基数词+连字符“－”+个位序数词。thirty-first第三十一fifty-sixth第五十六seventy-third第七十三ninety-ninth第九十九C．序数词的缩写形式:阿拉伯数字后加上th。first—lstsecond—2ndthird—3rdfourth—4thtwentieth—20thtwenty-third—23rdD．序数词的句法功能序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。ThesecondiswhatIreallyneed．（作主语）Hechoosethesecond．（作宾语）Wearetocarryoutthefirstplan．（作定语）Sheisthesecondinourclass．（作表语）注：通常序数词前面要加定冠词the；但出现不定冠词a或an时，则表示“再—”，“又—”。We'llgooveritasecondtime．另外，基数词也可以表示顺序。thefirstlesson——LessonOnethetwenty-firstroom——Room21（twenty-one）二、时刻表示法1.几点钟5:00读作fiveo’clock2.几点过几分fivepastseven七点过五分halfpastsix六点半aquarterpasteight八点过一刻3.几点差几分tentoeight差十分八点aquartertotwelve差一刻十二点twentytosix差二十分六点1:58—2:02another,other,more修饰数词的用法1.anotherA)another+名词单数/具体数字的复数1．—Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet？—No，Iwillfinishitin10minutes．A．anotherB．OtherC．moreD．less2.数词+more3.数词+other，但与定冠词the连用时，other要放在数词前。•我想我们再需要4个人。•Ithinkweneedfourmorepeople.•Ithinkweneedfourotherpeople.•Ithinkweneedanotherfourpeople.•你知道他是在哪儿找到另外两张照片的呢？•Doyouknowwherehefoundtheothertwophotos？2．more还可与alittle，afew，alot，several等词连用，more放后面。（1）课桌上有许多书。Therearemanymorebooksonthedesk．（2）再喝点茶好吗？Wouldyoulikesomemoretea？4.名词省略如果前后意思清楚，another或more后面的名词可以省去。如：1．Iclimbedthestairsslowly，carryingabigsuitcase，myfatherfollowingwithtwomore．四、加减乘除表示法1.“加”用plus，and或add表示Howmuchistwoplusthree?Twoandthreeisfive．2.“减”用minusHowmuchistenminussix?3.“乘”multiply3X4＝?Howmuchisthreetimesfour?4.“除”用divide的过去分词形式表示16÷4=?Howmuchissixteendividedbyfour?五、分数表示法1.基数词作分子，序数词作分母，除了分子是“1”，其它情况下序数词都要用复数形式1/5onefifth¾threefourths2.当分数后面接名词时，如果分数表示的值大于1，名词用复数；小于1，名词用单数。11/2hours一个半小时读作oneandahalfhoursOnehourandahalf七、百分数表示法百分数用基数＋percent表示50％fiftypercent百分之五十percent不用复数形式。选择填空。1．Marchis____monthofayear．A．athreeB．thethirdC．athird2．Wewillhaveameetingat8:05____．A．fivetoeightB．eightfiveC．eightofive3．Eightpluseightis____.A．sixteenB．sixty-fourC．one4．Heisan____boy．A．eightyearsB．eight-year-oldC．eight-years-old5．Wewillhavea___walk．A．tenminutesB．tenminutes'C．ten-minutesB．thethirdC．eightofiveA．sixteenB．eight-year-oldB．tenminutes'6．Thewallis_____.A．fourmeterslongB．fourmeterlongC．four-meterlong7．What'sthedatetoday?It's___．A．MarchtheeightB．MarcheighthC．eight，March8．About_____________oftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.A.three-foursB.three-fourthC.three-fourthsA．fourmeterslongB．MarcheighthC.three-fourths10.Hewentdowntothevillagewhichwas___milesawayfromthecity.A.threehundredsB.threehundredC.threehundredsofB.threehundred
