第一部分语法知识盘点第1讲名词一、将下列名词归类noodle,chalk,bread,pie,weather,pen,second,parent,newspaper,water,meat,factory,present,computer,furniture,lemonade,friend,person,advice,promise,gold,English1．可数名词：________________________________________________________________________________________2．不可数名词：_______________________________________________________________________________________noodle,pie,pen,second,parent,newspaper,factory,present,computer,friend,person,promisechalk,bread,weather,water,meat,furniture,lemonade,advice,gold,Englishmirror________glass________minuteshalvesclassmatesmirrorsglassescupsfamiliesmatcheswivesparksfactoriespotatoes二、写出下列名词的复数形式1．规则变化：minute_________half_______classmate__________cup______family_________match________wife________park_______factory________potato________thief________photo________baby________thievesphotosbabieswatcheskeysknivesbrushesleaveskey________brush________mouth________watch________party________leaf________box________hero________knife________piano________life________2．不规则变化：pianosmouthsboxeslivesgoose________man________woman________people________sheep________child________foot________tooth________deer________geesemenwomenpeoplesheepchildrenfeetdeerheroespartiesteeth可数名词可数名词有单数和复数之分。1．单数名词表泛指，通常在前面加冠词a/an。如：aman,anoldman。2．可数名词由单数形式变为复数形式，其构成方法分为规则的和不规则的两种。(1)规则变化①一般名词直接加-s。如：cat—catsrose—rosesgirl—girls②以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的名词，变y为i再加-es。如：baby—babiescountry—countriesfamily—familiescity—citiesfactory—factoriesparty—partiesstory—stories③以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词，直接加-s。如：day—daystoy—toyskey—keysholiday—holidaysboy—boysmonkey—monkeys④以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es。如：box—boxesglass—glassesbus—busesbrush—brushesmatch—matchesboss—bossesclass—classeswatch—watches⑤以o结尾的名词可能加-s，也可能加-es。加-s：小马虎弹着钢琴(piano)听着收音机(radio)，又到动物园(zoo)和袋鼠(kangaroo)照相(photo)，最后考试得了个大鸭蛋(零分)(zero)。加-es：黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)喜欢吃西红柿(tomato)和土豆(potato)。⑥以f或fe结尾的名词，通常先变f或fe为v再加-es。树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄，妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)上山冈，架(shelf)后窜出一只狼(wolf)，好像强盗(thief)逃命(life)忙。注意：有少数以f或fe结尾的名词构成复数时，只加-s，如：roofs,gulfs,chiefs等。但是，handkerchief/scarf的复数可以是handkerchiefs/scarfs，也可以是handkerchieves/scarves。(2)不规则变化(需记忆)①改变字母变复数。如：man—menwoman—womenpolicewoman—policewomenfisherman—fishermenfoot—feettooth—teethgoose—geesemouse—micechild—children②表示“某国人”的名词单数变复数：i．中国人(Chinese)、日本人(Japanese)、瑞士人(Swiss)单复数同形。ii.英国/法国人改a为e。如：Englishman—EnglishmenFrenchman—Frenchmeniii.其他以-an,-ian结尾的各国人直接加-s。如：American(s),German(s),Russian(s),Australian(s),Indian(s),Korean(s)。(3)特殊的复数形式①有些名词通常只有复数形式，用作主语时谓语动词用复数，如：trousers,pants,shorts,socks,glasses(眼镜),clothes,chopsticks,scissors,goods等。这类名词用来表示数量时，常需加pair,suit等量词。如：apairoftrousers,twopairsofsocks,asuitofclothes。②有些名词单复数同形。如：sheep,deer,people,means,fish(鱼)等。③集体名词表示由若干个体组成的集合体，如：police,people,class,family,team,group,audience,cattle等。当这类...
