高中定语从句详细讲解TankertankerDesign（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词。3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词；关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有when,where,why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.该句中，whoisshakinghandswithmyfather是定语从句，修饰先行词theman，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词theman，在定语从句中作主语。TankertankerDesign1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Thosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.那就是教我们物理的老师。TankertankerDesign2．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可以省略。MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.Theprofessor(whom)youarewaitingforhascome.Thegirl(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。介词后面只能用whom，不用who.Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.Thegirltowhomyousenttheflowerswasmyneighbour.TankertankerDesign3．Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.which在定语从句中充当主语，不可省Thefactorywhichmakescomputersisfarawayfromhere.Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thehousewhichisbythelakelooksnice.Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.which在定语从句中充当宾语，可以省去Thefilm(which)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.TankertankerDesign4．That既指人又指物；指人相当于who（m）；指物相当于which.在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?Thepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.TankertankerDesign5．Whose……的；可指人的，也可指物的，在定语从句中充当定语。Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替whose=thesthofwhichTheclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?TankertankerDesign（二）限制性定语从句中只用that引导的情况：1．当先行词是everything,anything,nothing(something除外),all,none,few,little,some不定代词时，或前面有every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰。HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.Hestayedinthelibraryandlookedupanyinformationthattheyneeded.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who，如：Anymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.Allthegueststhat/whowereinvitedtoherweddingwereimportantpeople.TankertankerDesign限制性定语从句中只用that引导的情况：2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这是我看过...
