Listening1.Readthesewordsandthenlistentothetape.Circlethoseaidsthatearlysailorsusedtofindtheirway.1.Readthesewordsandthenlistentothetape.Circlethoseaidsthatearlysailorsusedtofindtheirway.compassmapsfishmovementsstarsweatherwavescurrentscloudsrainfallbirdsothershipsmountainscompassmapsfishmovementsstarsweatherwavescurrentscloudsrainfallbirdsothershipsmountains2.Listentothetapeagainandfillinthechart.2.Listentothetapeagainandfillinthechart.SailorsfromSeaorOceanSkillsPhoeniciaMediterraneanUsedtheskytofindtheirwayNorthPolynesiaNorwayPacificStudiedthewavesoftheoceanWatchedbirdstofindland3.ThesearesomeVikingsailingdirectionsfromNorwaytoGreenland.3.ThesearesomeVikingsailingdirectionsfromNorwaytoGreenland.SailwestbutkeeptothenorthoftheShetlandIslandssoyoucanhardlyseethemingoodweather.StayfarenoughsouthoftheFaroessothattheirsteepmountainsarejusthalfwayupthehorizon.SailwestbutkeeptothenorthoftheShetlandIslandssoyoucanhardlyseethemingoodweather.StayfarenoughsouthoftheFaroessothattheirsteepmountainsarejusthalfwayupthehorizon.KeepsouthofIcelandsothatyoucannotseelandbutjustcoastalbirds.FollowthisrouteandyoushouldreachGreenland.KeepsouthofIcelandsothatyoucannotseelandbutjustcoastalbirds.FollowthisrouteandyoushouldreachGreenland.Usetheinformationfromthelisteningtoexplainthesesailingstrategies.Usetheinformationfromthelisteningtoexplainthesesailingstrategies.1.Vikingsusedtoprefertosailfollowingthecoastlinesotheycouldcheckthattheywereonthecorrectroute.2.Vikingsusedbirds,andnaturalfeatureslikemountains,todirecttheirships.1.Vikingsusedtoprefertosailfollowingthecoastlinesotheycouldcheckthattheywereonthecorrectroute.2.Vikingsusedbirds,andnaturalfeatureslikemountains,todirecttheirships.LISTENINGTEXTLISTENINGTEXTNAVIGATIONALSECRETSWangMing(WM)hascometotheMaritimeMuseuminGreenwichtotalktothenavalhistorianDrSmith(DS).NAVIGATIONALSECRETSWangMing(WM)hascometotheMaritimeMuseuminGreenwichtotalktothenavalhistorianDrSmith(DS).WM:Thankyousomuchfortalkingtome.Pleasecanyoutellmehowsailorsmanagedbeforenavigationalinstrumentsorsatelliteswereinvented?DS:Ofcourse.Atfirstiftherewasnolandnearbytheseamenusedtheskytofindtheirway.Theylookedatthecloudsinthedaytimeandthestarsatnight.Butverysoontheybegantodeveloplocalmaps.About5,000yearsagosailorsfromPhoeniciainNorthAfricausedsimplemapstoguidetheirshipsaroundtheMediterraneanSea.Theywerethebesttradersoftheirday.atthecloudsinthedaytimeandthestarsatnight.Butverysoontheybegantodeveloplocalmaps.About5,000yearsagosailorsfromPhoeniciainNorthAfricausedsimplemapstoguidetheirshipsaroundtheMediterraneanSea.Theywerethebesttradersoftheirday.WM:Really?Howcleaver!Dideverybodyusesimplemaps?DS:No.I'mafraidnot.Itwasdifficulttohaveamapforsailingacrossopenseathen.WeknowtheVikingsfromNorwayhadnowrittenmapswhentheysailedacrosstheNorthSea.WM:TheVikings?Didn'ttheysailaroundandattackpeopleandtownsfromtheirships?DS:Sometimes.Butwe'renotinterestedinthat,onlyintheirsuperiorsailingability.WM:Isee!Sowhatdidtheydo?DS:Well,oneofthethingstheydidwasconcentrateonwatchingWM:TheVikings?Didn'ttheysailaroundandattackpeopleandtownsfromtheirships?DS:Sometimes.Butwe'renotinterestedinthat,onlyintheirsuperiorsailingability.WM:Isee!Sowhatdidtheydo?DS:Well,oneofthethingstheydidwasconcentrateonwatchingbirds.There'sthestoryofaVikingcalledRaven-Floki.Heusedtokeepbirdsonhisshipsbuthedidn'tfeedthem.The...
