学习必备欢迎下载语法学习：句子成分句子成分及其划分符号：1.谓语 = 2.宾语～3.主语—4.定语（）5.状语〔〕6.补语﹤ ﹥句子成分划分方法：1.主语：一般由名词、代词充当（前）2.谓语：一般由动词、形容词充当（中）3.宾语：一般由名词、代词充当（后）4.定语：用在主语、宾语前面，起限定作用5.状语：用在谓语前面，起修饰作用6.补语：用在谓语后面，起补充作用例如：1、我国的石拱桥有悠久的历史。2、一大早，勤奋的同学们就在教室里认真地复习各门功课。一、句子成分定义：?构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。?句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；?主要成分有主语和谓语；?次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。﹙一﹚主语：主语 (Subject)：表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。练习：划出主语，并决定什么做主语。1. Music plays an important part in our life. 2. We should practice English more. 3. One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5. Smoking does harm to the health. 6. The rich should help the poor. 7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8. It is necessary to master a foreign language. 什么情况下用it作形式主语？当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。练习：找主语，做翻译。1) It is wrong to tell a lie. ( ) 2) It is no use arguing about it. ( ) 3) It is uncertain who will come. ( （二）谓语谓语 (Predicate)：说明主语做什么或怎么样。动词在句中作谓语一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语 ：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock.2、复合谓语 ：学习必备欢迎下载（1）由情态动词加动词原形构成。如： You may keep the book for two weeks. （2）由助动词加动词原形, 现在分词 , 过去分词构成。如： Do you speak English？ They are working in a field. He has caugh...
