初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解-练习及答案VIP免费

定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.everyday&everydayeveryday“每天”，作时间状语。everyday是形容词，“每天的，日常的”。eg:ShelearnssomeeverydayEnglisheveryday.她每天学一些日常英语。Hegoestobedlateeveryday.他每天睡觉很晚。2.between&amongbetween常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间among一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。eg:TomisbetweenAnnandMary.汤姆在安和玛丽之间。Theytalkedamongthemselveswhiletheywaited.他们一边等着一边互相谈话【固定搭配】todo/doing在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同1.forgettodo忘记做某事I’msorryIforgottoposttheletter.forgetdoing做过某事忘了Iforgottellinghimthenewstheotherday.2.stoptodo停下来做某事Hestoppedtotalktomewhenhesawmeinthestreetyesterday.stopdoing停止做某事Pleasestoptalkingloudlyinthelibrary.3.trytodo尽力做某事I’lltrytogettherebeforesunset.我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。trydoing试着做某事Whynottryknockingatthebackdoor?为什么不试一试敲后门？4.regrettodo遗憾地将做某事IregrettosaythatIcan’tgowithyou.regretdoing后悔做过某事IregretmissingsuchagoodchanceofpractisingmyspokenEnglish.【关系代词引导的定语从句】（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词where,when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(2)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)1(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)(2)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookisyellow?【总结】：一、关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。如：代替人代替物代替人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whom／whowhichthat定语whose（＝ofwhom）whose（＝ofwhich）1.ThisisthedoctorwhocamefromLondon.2.Thebookwhich／thatIamreadingiswrittenbyThomasHardy.3.Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.4.Thisistheroomthat／whichShakespearewasbornin.二、使用关系代词时应注意以下几点：1．如果先行词是all，anything，something，nothing，everything，little，none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：Allthatarepresentburstintotears.2．如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which。例如：ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillnever...