被 动 语 态 练 习 英语中表示主语和谓语之间关系的动词形式称为语态。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 注意事项: 1. 分清动作的执行者和承受者,即分清主动语态和被动语态,如为被动语态,按照不同时态的被动语态规则进行变化。 2. 通常只有及物动词才有被动语态,但一些不及物动词加上介词(副词)构成的动词短语也有被动语态,此时该动词短语不可分割,后面的介词(副词)不能省略。如: (1) We heard a strange noise yesterday evening.(主动语态) A strange noise was heard (by us) yesterday evening.(被动语态,hear 为及物动词) (2) We put on a short play at the party last night.(主动语态) A short play was put on at the party (by us) last night. (被动语态) 3. 主动句中使役动词make, let, have 和感官动词see, feel, hear 等后常接不带to 的不定式,但在被动语态中,常将to 还原出来。如: The boss made the children work over twelve hours in the past.(主动语态) The children were made to work over twelve hours (by the boss) in the past.(被动语态) 4. 带双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时,可将其中的一个变为被动句的主语,另一个不变。一般是把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,则在间接宾语前加介词for 或者to。如: My mother gave me a present on my tenth birthday. (主动语态) I was given a present by my mother on my tenth birthday. (被动语态,间接宾语作主语) A present was given to me on my tenth birthday. (被动语态,直接宾语作主语) 5. open, sell, write, wear 等用作不及物动词时,它们的主语是物,可用主动语态表被动意义。如:This kind of shirt sells very well here. 这种衬衫在这儿卖得很好。 6. want / need / require +doing sth.相当于want / need / require + to be done 的形式,to be done 表示不定式的被动语态。如:My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行车需要修理一下。 7. “People say …”或“They say …”这种句子变...