牛津译林版高中英语必修五Unit3Scienceandnature语法VIP专享

高中英语学习材料（灿若寒星 *制作整理）过去分词一、构成和用法1. 过去分词是动词非谓语形式的一种（v-ed ），在句中作状语、定语、表语、宾语补足语。(1) 作状语：1) Interested in the stories ( ＝as they were interested in her stories), they gave Tracy Wong $15,000 in advance. 因为对她的小说感兴趣，他们预付了Tracy Wong 一万五千美元。2) The boy sat at the table buried in his lessons ( ＝and (he) was buried in his lessons ). 那位男孩坐在桌前，埋头做功课。(2) 作定语：1) The first mammal cloned from an adult cell （＝ that was / had been cloned from an adult cell）was Dolly the sheep. 第一个用成年细胞克隆的哺乳动物是克隆羊多莉。2) The name mentioned in the letter（＝ which was mentioned in the letter）was unknown to me. 信里提到的名字我不熟。(3) 作表语：We were surprised to find that the window was broken . 窗子破了。(4 ）作宾语补足语：He found it hard to make himself understood . 他发现很难使自己被理解。问题：由上例（斜体部分）你能看出过去分词有什么特点？结论： a）过去分词（常常）表示“被动．．”含义。 b）作状语和定语时，多数是由相应的从句转化而来。2. 下面的例子中过去分词不表示被动：1) The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 地上铺满了落叶。2) At present China is still less developed than most western countries. 目前中国还没有多数西方国家发达。3) Eating boiled eggs will do you good. 吃煮鸡蛋对你的身体有好处。问题：斜体部分的动词有什么共同点？结论： fall（掉，落下） ，develop （发展），boil （煮）等动词在上例中是不及物动词，不及物动词是不能表示被动的，它们的过去分词形式只表示“完成”、“过去”。3. 过去分词的否定（not ，never 等）要放在过去分词前面。如：1) Not given enough time, I had to give up halfway. 由于没有给我足够的时间，我只得中途放弃。4、修饰分词的副词一般置于分词的前面。如：1) Greatlyencouraged by the story, we are determined to do our best for the country. 在这个故事的鼓舞下，我们决心全心全意为...