一、单个词作定语后置的情况1、以a-开头的表示状态的形容词，一般在句子中当表语成份，但作定语时须后置，类似的形容词有：alive,asleep,alike,alone.awake,aware,ashamed,adrift,ablaze,absent,afraid,available等如：Hespokelikeamanafraid.他说话的时候像是很害怕似的。Tomwastheonlyboyawakeatthattine.那时汤姆是唯一醒着的男孩。Thehouseablazeisnextdoortomine.那着火的房子就在我家隔壁。2、部分表示方位、处所、时间副词作定语。如here,there,above,below,upstairs.downstairs.outside,inside,around.today,nearby等常作后置定语。如：Aboyoutsideiswaitingforyou.Peoplethereareveryfriendly.Themanupstairsismakinganoise.3、形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Thereisnothingserious.Thereisnobodysuitableforthejob.4、else只作后置定语，修饰疑问词或不定代词。Whenelseshallwemeetagain,ifFridayisnotconvenientforyou?AsksomeoneelsetohelpyouifDavidisnotfree.Whoelsecanweturnto?5、left和remaining都表示有“剩下的”的意思，但left只作后置定语。如：Thereisfiveminutesleft.remaining应作前置定语。如：Theladyboughtagiftforherdaughterasabirthdaygiftwiththeremaining30dollars.6、involved意为“有牵连的”，“涉及到的”，只作后置定语，如：theproblemsinvolved.7、有些词既可作前置定语，也可作后置定语。如：possible,enough,more（另外，附加的）properIdon’thavewineenoughforfivepersonsatthemoment=Idon’thaveenoughwineforfivepersonsatthemoment.Theythoughtaboutallthemeanspossible（=possiblemeans）TodayIwillhavetowritetwolettersmore（=twomoreletters）8、有些词既可当作前置定语又可当后置定语，但含义不一样。如：used,concerned,presentAllthepeoplepresent（在场的）votedforhim.Presentsituationisserious.（目前的，现在的）Allpartiesconcerned（有关的）arepresent.Concerned（忧虑的）parentsheldameeting.themethodusedisveryefficient（运用的，使用的）Thisisausedbike.（旧的）二、短语作后置定语。1、介词短语、副词短语、形容词短语等用作后置定语。如ThemaninthecarisJim’sfather.（介词短语）Hemadeareportonmodernscience（介词短语）Afriendinneedisafriendindeed（介词短语）Iliveinavillagefarfromhere（副词短语）Hecastitasecondtime,anddrewinanoldbasketfullofsand（形容词短语）2、不定式用作后置定语。如：WouldyoulikesomethingtodrinkWhatdoyouplantodointheyeartocomeThebuildingtobebuiltwasdesignedbyMrWang.=ThebuildingwhichwillbebuiltwasdesignedbyMrWang.（相当一个定语从句）3、不定式经常用作一些名词的后置定语，常见的这类名词有way,chance,opportunity,courage,time,week,wish,need,promise,plan,right.如：YouhavenorighttospeakIfIhavethechancetogoabroadI’llneverletitgo.4、一般来讲，谓语动词能接不定式当宾语，当这类动词转化为名词时，也接不定式当后置定语。如：Youpromisedtowriteusregularly.（不定式当宾语）Youhaven’tkeptyourpromisetowriteusregularly.（不定式当后置定语）Heplannedtostartacompany（不定式当宾语）Hetoldmehisplantostartacompany.（不定式当后置定语）5、分词作定语。单个分词一般作前置定语，而分词短语作后置定语，此时可以转化相应的定语从句。①Theoldmanhasawalkingstick（动名词当定语表示用途）②Canyonseethefallingleavesinthesky.（现在分词当定语表示动作进行）③Deerdon’tlikeeatingfallenleaves（过去分词当定语表示动作完成）④ThemanrunningontheplaygroundisourEnglishteacher.（现在分词当后置定语，与被修饰词存在主动关系）=ThemanwhoisrunningontheplaygroundisourEnglishteacher.⑤Doyouknowthegirldancinginthecenter?⑥Thefoodcookedbymymotherwasdelicious.（过去分词当后置语与被修饰词存在动作的完成与被动关系）=Thefoodwhichwascookedbymymotherwasdelicious.⑦ThebuildingbuiltwasdesignedbyMrWarg.=ThebuildingwhichwasbuiltwasdesignedbyMrWang.⑧⑨Therewereover300peopletrappedabovethefire.⑨ThebuildingbeingbuiltwasdesignedbyMrWang.（过去分词的进行式作后置定语表示与被修饰词存在动作的被动且正在进行）=ThebuildingwhichisbeingbuiltwasdesignedbyMrWang.三、从句作定语都是后置.一个句子修饰某个名词或代词，我们称之为定语从句，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句常用逗号隔开，表示补充说明。Inthenorthwhereitiscold,theygrowwheat.Iwillneverforgettheday,onwhichIjoinedtheParty.Iknowtheonlyroutethatleadstothetopofthemountain.IfoundsomephotosofinterestingplaceswhichwerenottoofarawayfromChengdu.Thesun,whichhadhiddenallday,nowcameoutinallitssplendor.
