考博英语阅读资料UｎiｔOｎｅPassage1Thephysiｃaldｉsｔｒibｕtionoｆｐroｄuｃtshasｔwoprimarｙasｐectｓ:tｒanｓpｏrｔａtionａndsｔoｒagｅ.Boｔhaspectsarehighlydevｅlopｅdandspecｉaｌｉzeｄpｈasesoｆmarketinｇ.Ｔheｃostsofｂoｔhtrａns-portiｎgaｎdsｔoringarebuiｌtintothepricesofprodｕcｔｓ.Ｔｒanｓportaｔioｎcａｎbｅbyｔruck,raiｌ－ｗay，shiｐ，ｏrbarｇe.Fｏrｓomeiｔems,sucｈasexotiｃplａntsandfｌｏwers,orwhenｒａｐｉddelｉveryｉｓｅssentiａl,aｉrfｒeiｇhｔmａｙbeｕsed.Stｏrage,orwａｒehousinｇ，iｓａnecesｓaｒyfunctｉoｎｂecauｓeprｏdｕctｉonandconsｕmptioｎofｇoodｓｒarelyｍatch:itemsgeneralｌyarenｏtsolｄａsｑｕicｋｌｙasthｅyａｒｅmａde.Inveｎtoriesbuildup，bothinwarehousｅsandaｔretailesｔabliｓhments，beforｅｔheｆoodsａｒｅsold．Ｔhｅtraｎspoｒｔa-tｉoｎｆｕnctｉｏｎiｓinvolｖｅdｉｎbriｎｇiｎggoodstoａwarehouseandtakingthemｆromittoreｔaｉｌstorｅs.Stoｒagｅpeｒfoｒmｓtｈeserviceofstabilｉｚiｎgｍaｒｋｅｔprice.If，fｏreｘaｍple,noａgｒiｃｕlｔuｒａlｐroduｃｔcｏulｄbeｓtorｅd,aｌlｆoodwouldｈaｖｅtobeｐutontｈemarkｅtimmedｉateｌy.Ｔhｉswoｕlｄ,ofｃoｕrse,crｅateａgｌutaｎｄlｏｗｅｒｐrｉcesdｒastｉcaｌlｙ.Therewouldbeanimmediatebenｅfitｔoconsumers,bｕtintheｌｏnｇruntheywoulｄsuffeｒ.Faｒmeｒs，becausｅofｌowpricｅs,ｗouｌdbeｆorcｅdoffthｅlaｎd，andｔheａmｏuntoffoodｐrｏdｕcedwoulｄdｅcrｅaｓe.This,intｕrn，woulｄraｉseconsumerｐrｉces.Wａreｈouｓｅsforstoragｅaｒｅoｆsｅvｅｒaｌtyｐeｓ.Prｉvatewarｅｈoｕsesａreｏｗneｄｂｙｍanufａcｔur-eｒｓ.Publicwａreｈouｓeｓ，iｎspｉtｅｏftheirname,areprivａｔelyoｗnedfaｃｉlitiｅｓ,ｂuttｈeyareiｎ-ｄeｐendentofmａnufacturerownerｓhip.Ｇeｎeral-mｅrchａndisewａｒｅｈousｅssｔoreagreａtｖaｒietyｏｆprodｕcts.Colｄ-stoｒａgｅwarehousesｓtｏrｅｐerｉｓhableｇoｏｄs,espeｃiallyｆｏoｄproｄucts.Grainelｅ-vatorsaｒeakｉｎdofwaｒｅhｏuseｕsedｔokeepwheatａｎdoｔheｒgｒaｉnsｆromｓpoｉlｉng.Aboｎｄedｗarehouseisｏnｅthatstoresfoodｓ，ｆｒequeｎtlｙiｍpoｒted,onｗｈｉcｈｔａxｅsmustbｅpaｉdbeforetheｙaresold．Cigａreｔtesａndalcoholicbevｅraｇesarecｏｍｍoｎexamｐles.Tｈeｄistｒｉbｕtｉoncｅnｔerisaｍoreｒｅcentlyｄevelopedｋinｄoｆｗarehouse.Mａnｙlargeｃoｍ-paｎiｃｓhaveｓevｅｒalmaｎｕfaｃturingpｌaｎｔs,soｍetimｅsｌｏcａｔｅｄoutsidｅtｈeｃｏｕntｒy.Ｅachplaｎtdoesｎotmａｋeeverycompaｎyproductｂｕtspeｃialiｚesinoｎeｏrmｏreoftｈｅm.Ｔｈｅdiｓｔriｂutioｎcentｅｒalｌoｗｓamanufacｔurｅrtobriｎgtoｇetheralｌproductliｎesinoｎｅｐlａｃe．Iｔspurｐoseistomiｎｉｍizestorａgeandtｏeａsｅthefｌｏｗofｇoodsfromｍanuｆａcｔurerstｏrｅtａilersｒaｔhertｈaｎbuilｄupextensｉｖｅinventories.Itｒeduｃescosｔsbyｓpｅｅｄingupｐrodｕcｔturnovｅr.Ｖerylargeｃｏrpｏｒationsｗillhａｖesevｅrａldｉstrｉbutionｃenｔｅrsrｅgiｏnallｙorintｅrnａｔｉonaｌlyｂaseｄ1．Thｅmaｉnｓubjectｏfthisｐasｓageis______.A)transportatｉonａnｄstorａｇｅB)sｔoｒageofproductsC)distrｉbｕtｉoｎcｅnterD)twomainaｓpectsofprｏdｕｃtdistribuｔioｎ2．Ｗarehousiｎgisｉmportantinthat＿A)inｖｅntorieｓbuiｌｄｕpbｅｆoｒethｅgoodsａｒｅsoldB)thepｒiceｓwillgoｄｏwnC)mｏregｏoｄsａrｅproducｅdtｈancanbeconsｕmedD）ｔhefｏoｄｈａstobepｕｔｏｎtheｍarketimｍｅｄiately3．Howｍanyｔypｅsofwaｒehousesfoｒsｔoragearediｓｃusｓeｄinｔｈepassagｅ?A)3．Ｂ)4.C)6．D)7.4．Wheremｉghtoneｆindｍeａtandmiｌｋ?A)Grａineｌevator．B)Cｏlｄ-sｔoｒagewａrehｏusｅ.C)Prｉvａtｅwａrehouse．D)Ｂｏ...
