lawofmassconservation质量守恒定律VIP专享VIP免费

lawofmassconservation质量守恒定律lowofdefinite(orconstant)composition定组成定律lowofdefiniteproportions定比定律lowofmultipleproportions倍比定律nucleus['njuːkliəs]n原子核electron[i'lektrɔn]n电子proton['prəutɔn]n质子neutron['njuːtrɔn]n中子atomicnumber原子序数massnumber质量数subscript['sʌbskript]n下标superscript['suːpəskript;'sjuːpəskript]n上标isotope['aisətəup]n同位素relativeatomicmass/atomicweight/averageatomicmass相对原子质量abundance[ə'bʌnd(ə)ns]n丰度standardatomicweight标准原子质量unifiedatomicmassunit/atomicmassunit规定原子质量单位ion['aiən]n离子anion['ænaiən]n阴离子cation['kætaiən]n阳离子monatomic[,mɔnə'tɔmik]adj单原子的polyatomic[,pɔliə'tɔmik]adj多原子的oxyanion含氧阴离子radicalion自由基离子light[lait]n光electromagneticradiation/radiantenergy电磁辐射diffraction[di'frækʃn]n衍射interference[intə'fiər(ə)ns]n干涉frequency['friːkw(ə)nsi]n频率wavelength['weivleŋθ;'weivleŋkθ]n波长wavenumber波数amplitude['æmplitjuːd]n振幅intensity[in'tensiti]n强度quantum['kwɔntəm]n量子Planck'sconstant普朗克常数photoelectriceffect光电效应photon['fəutɔn]n光子spectrum['spektrəm]n光谱continuousspectrum连续谱，连续光谱discretespectrum离散谱，不连续光谱linespectrum线状谱，光谱线quantumnumber量子数groundstate基态excitedstate激发态wavelikeproperties波动性matterwave物质波，德布罗意波momentum[mə'mentəm]n动量Heisenberg'suncertaintyprinciple海森堡测不准原理Schrödinger'swaveequation薛定谔波动方程wavelikeandparticle-likebehavior波粒二象性quantummechanic量子力学wavemechanic波动力学wavefunction波函数probabilitydensity概率密度，几率密度electrondensitydistribution电子密度分布atomicorbital原子轨道principalquantumnumber主量子数shell[ʃel]n层azimuthal/angular/orbitalquantumnumber角量子数subshell['sʌbʃel]n亚层magneticquantumnumber磁量子数Cartesianlabel笛卡尔坐标spinquantumnumber自旋量子数Pauliexclusionprinciple泡利不相容原理diamagnetic[,daiəmæg'netik]adj反磁性的，抗磁性的paramagnetic[pærəmæg'netik]adj顺磁性的orbital['ɔːbit(ə)l]n轨道electronconfiguration电子构型Aufbauprinciple构造原理orbitaldiagram轨道图degenerateorbital简并轨道Hundred'sRule洪特规则valenceshell价层coreelectrons核电子periodictable周期表group/family族period周期alkalimetals碱金属alkalineearthmetals碱土金属halogens['hælədʒənz]n卤素nitrogens['naitrədʒ(ə)nz]n氮族元素chalcogens['tʃælkɔgənz]n氧族元素noblegases稀有气体representative/maingroupelementstransitionelements/metals过渡元素innertransitionelements内过渡元素lanthanide['lænθənaid]n镧系元素actinide['ækti,naid]n锕系元素nuclearcharge核电荷electrostaticattraction静电吸引effectivenuclearcharge有效核电荷shield[ʃiːld]n/screen[skriːn]n屏蔽octet[ɔk'tet]n八隅体atomicradius原子半径ionizationenergy电离能electronaffinity电子亲和性electronegativity[i'lektrəu,neɡə'tivəti]n电负性isoelectronic[,aisəuilek'trɔnik;,aisəuelek'trɔnik]adj等电子的ionizationpotential电离电势，电离位first/secondionizationenergy第一/第二电离能electropositive[ilektrə(u)'pɔzitiv]adj带正电的metal['met(ə)l]n金属nonmetal['nɔn,metəl]n非金属metalloid['met(ə)lɔid]n类金属semiconductor[,semikən'dʌktə]n半导体metalliccharacter金属性allotrope['ælətrəup]n同素异形体peroxide[pə'rɔksaid]n过氧化物superoxide[,supər'ɔksaid]n超氧化物chemicalbond化学键valenceelectron共价键ionic[ai'ɔnik]adj离子的covalent[kəu'veil(ə)nt]adj共价的metallic[mi'tælik]adj金属的Lewis...