模拟试题二PartIWritingDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:OverseasStudyatanEarlyAge.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.目前很多父母在子女高中毕业前就送他们出国学习2.形成这种趋势的原因3.我对些的看法OverseaStudyatanEarlyAgePartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheet1.TheSky'sLimitAirtravelisarapidlygrowingsourceofgreenhousegases.Butitisalsoanindispensablewayoftravel.ThenewA380Thedouble-deckerA380,thebiggestairlinertheworldhasseen,landedatHeathrowlastmonthtotestwhetherLondon'smainairportcouldhandlethenew550-seater,duetoentercommercialserviceattheendofthisyear.ItwasaproudmomentforBritain'sRolls-Royce,themakersoftheaircraft'sTrent900engines.Rolls-RoycesaysthefourTrentsontheA380areascleanandefficientasanyjetengine,andproduce"asmuchpoweras3,500familycars".Asimplecalculationshowsthattheequivalentofmorethansixcarsisneededtoflyeachpassenger.Takethecalculationfurther:flyingafullyladenA380is,intermsofenergy,likea14km(nine-mile)queueoftrafficontheroadbelow.Andthatisjustoneaircraft.In20years,Airbusreckons,1,500suchplaneswillbeintheair.Bythen,thetotalnumberofairlinersisexpectedtohavedoubled,to22,000.Thehugeairplanealonewouldbepumpingoutcarbondioxide(CO2)atthesamerateas5millioncars.Thatmaynotseemmuchcomparedwiththe60millionvehiclesthatpouroffassemblylineseveryyear—orthe1billionvehiclesalreadyontheworld'sroads.Butwhereascarsareusedroughlyforaboutanhourorsoaday,jetairlinersareonthemoveforatleast10hoursaday.Andtheyburntax-free,highoctane(1)高能量的)fuel,whichdumpshundredsofmillionsoftonnesofCO2intothemostsensitivepartoftheatmosphere.Aviationisarelativelysmallsourceoftheemissionsblamedforglobalwarming,butitsshareisgrowingthefastest.Theevidenceisstrong.Asaresult,aviationisincreasinglyattractingtheattentionofenvironmentalistsandpoliticians.Amidmuchcontroversy,CO2caps(最高限制)andcarbon-tradingcouldsoonbeusedtohelpcurbaircraftemissions.Frequentflyers,freeridersAirlinesareaccusedofhavingafreerideintermsofairpollutionbecausetheypaynotaxonthefueltheyuseforinternationalflights.Eventhoughtoday'saircraftareabout70%moreefficientthanthoseof40yearsago,concernsoveremissionshavegrown.Despiteboomingdemandforairtravel,manyairlinesarelosingmoney.Nowgreencampaignerswantpeopletothinktwicebeforetheyfly.TheopposingvoiceisparticularlyloudinEurope,wherelow-costcarriersareexpandingfastonbusyshorthaul(2)短距离)routes.TheEuropeanParliamentwillvoteinJulyonaproposaltolimitaircraftemissions.Americaisdeeplyunhappyattheprospectofitsairlinesbeingaffected.SharonPinkerton,aseniorrepresentativeoftheFederalAviationAdministrationinsisted,onavisittoBrusselslastyear,thatAmericancarriersshouldbeexemptedfromthescheme.Thissetsthesceneforanothertransatlanticaviationdispute,toaddtothetwobitterandlong-runningdisputesoversubsidiestoEurope'sAirbusandtheliberalisationofairtrafficbetweenthetwocontinents.Theairlinesaregrowingnervous.ThebiginternationalcarriersrepresentedbytheInternationalAirTransportAssociation(IATA)wouldratherEuropewaitedforthedeliberationsofaUnitedNationsbody,theInternationalCivilAviationOrganisation(ICAO),whichhassettechnical,legalandsafetyrulesformorethan50years.InternationalaviationwasexcludedfromtheKyotoprotocolonglobalwarming,butonlyonconditiontha...
