2014届高三英语大一轮复习讲义 语法知识 专题十 特殊句式 新人教版

专题十 特殊句式一、倒装句1．全部倒装(1)在 There be/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain 等存在句中。Look，there’s that bookshop I was telling you about.(2)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out 等置于句首时，为使生动地描述情景而采用倒装语序。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。There goes the phone.I’ll answer it.(3)such 作表语置于句首时。Such was Albert Einstein ， a simple man but the 20th century’s greatest scientist.(4)直接引语的全部或部分位于句首时。“If you die，who will get your money？” asked Holmes.(5)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。In the center of the square stands a monument.(6)为平衡句子结构，或使上下文衔接紧密，而将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，引起倒装。Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.2．部分倒装在下列几种情况下，只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前，构成部分倒装。(1)little ， never ， not ， seldom ， neither ， nor ， hardly ， rarely ， by no means，at no time，under no circumstances，in no case 等表示否定意义的单词或短语位于句首时。Little does he care about what others think.(2)在 not...until...，no sooner...than... ，scarcely/hardly...when...，not only...but also...，neither...nor...等句式中。Neither does he drink nor smoke.(3)当 only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。Only then did I find I had made a mistake.(4)在 so/such...that...从句中，当 so＋形容词/副词或 such＋名词位于句首时。So exhausted was she that she wanted to have a rest.(5)当表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时，常用 so/as＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语，表示“……也是……”。Times have changed and so have I.(6)当 neither，nor 位于句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或事物时，常用 neither/nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语，表示“……也不……”。They couldn’t understand it at that time，and nor could we.(7)省略 i...