英语定语从句知识和用法概述 英语定语从句知识和用法概述 I 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分,英语定语从句知识和用法概述。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如: Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that 在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that 在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同 of which 互换)。例如: They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3)which, that 所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如: A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that 在句中作宾语) The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语) II. 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。 1)关系副词 when, where, why 的含义相当于介词+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which 结构交替使用。例如: There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗? 2)that 代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代 when, where, why 和介词+ which 引导的定语从句,在口语中 that 常被省略。例如: His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the...