发动机叶片的造型和数控加工（陕理工机械工程学院机械设计制造及其自动化专业054班陕西汉中723003）[摘要]航空发动机叶片是发动机的核心部件之一，它起着将蒸汽的动能转化为机械能的作用。发动机的性能很大程度上取决于叶片型面的设计和制造水平。叶片在发动机中的功能使命及其工作特点，决定了叶片是发动机中形状复杂（三维空间曲面），尺寸跨度大，受力恶劣，承载最大的零件。它在高温，高压和高速状态下运转，通常需要合金化程度很高的热强钢，钛合金以及高温合金等材料制成：为满足发动机高性能，工作安全性，可靠性以及寿命的要求，叶片又必须具有精确的尺寸，准确的形状和严格的表面完整性。因此叶片的制造技术是机械制造业中最复杂的技术之一。叶片型面复杂、质量要求高,在成形过程中常因锻造后的残余应力和温度应力的作用而发生翘曲变形,最终导致报废。采用等温校正工艺可使翘曲变形减少,叶片型面达到合格要求。本文采用三维设计软件Pro/E解决模具型腔的造型问题,进行叶片的三维曲面造型，其设计流程为:创建叶片的三维实体→对叶身进行加放余量→利用实体创建模具型腔→添加模具结构件。[关键词]叶片叶身型面数控加工Engineblade'smoldingandnumericalcontrolprocessingAbstract：BladeofAero—engineisatypeisoneofenginecoreparts;Itisplayingthesteamenergytransformationforthemechanicalenergyrole.Theengineperformanceisdecidedtoagreatextentbytheleafbladeprofiledesignandthemanufacturelevel.Blade’sinenginefunctionmissionandtheworkcharacteristic,haddecidedtheleafbladeisintheenginetheshapecomplex(three-dimensionalspacecurvedsurface),thesizespanbig,thestressbad,theloadbearingbiggestcomponents,Itinhightemperature,highpressureandunderthehigh-speedrunrevolves,usualneedalloydegreeveryhighmaterialsandsoonheatstrongsteel,titaniumalloyaswellasheat-resistingalloymake;Inordertosatisfytheenginehighperformance,theworksecurity,reliableaswellastheliferequest,theleafblademusthavetheprecisesize,theaccurateshapeandthestrictsuperficialintegrity.Thereforeleafbladestechniqueofmanufactureisinthemechanicalmanufacturingindustryofmostcomplextechnologies.Bladeisshapeiscomplexandthequalityrequirementishigh.Thewarpsandtheforgingsmaybediscardedduetotheformedforgingsremainingstressandthetemperaturestress.Butitispossibletousetheisothermaladjustmentprocesstoreducethewarpdistortionandmakethebladeshapetomeetthequalifiedrequirements.Three-dimensionaldesignsoftwarePro/Ewasusedtocarryonthedesigninviewoftheuniformtemperatureadjustmentmold.Thethreedimensionalsurfacemodelingofbladewascarriedoutandtheheatingandcoolingdevicesfortheisothermalsizingdieweresimultaneouslydesigned.It’sdesignflowis:creatingthethreedimensionalentityoftheblade,addingonmargintotheblade,usingentitytosetupthemoldcavity,puttingonthemoldstructuralelements.KeyWords:Blades,NCMachining,BladeShape,目录1绪论...................................................11.1课题背景................................................11.2发到机叶片加工方法......................................11.2.1仿形法................................................11.2.2数控加工方法..........................................21.3课题研究的目的和意义.....................................22模具发展概况、发展方向和发展趋势以及PRO/E软件介绍.......42.1中国模具行业发展现状.....................................42.2中国模具发展的方向.......................................42.3PRO/ENGINEER软件简介....................................62.4PRO/E软件主要模块介绍...................................63叶片造型................................................83.1PRO/E设计软件绘制叶身.........
