摘要摘要在电网规模扩大且结构日趋复杂的同时，电网运行的安全性和可靠性受到新的挑战，大停电事故带来的损失也更加巨大。造成这大停电事故的罪魁祸首正是电网的连锁故障，而继电保护和安全自动装置对故障的发展起到关键作用因此在对其进行的机电暂态及中长期过程仿真计算中应该考虑它们的动作特性。除连锁故障之外需要考虑继保动作逻辑的还有电力系统的全过程动态仿真和电网动态安全评估系统。目前，国内外的电力系统分析软件中保护及自动装置的建模和仿真还比较少，且多以国外的装置为原型，不能满足仿真需求，而人为设定继电器开关动作不但困难而且不够准确，影响仿真结果。针对上述问题本文提出并研究了保护和安全自动装置建模方法，并基于所建立模型进行连锁故障仿真分析。模型通过PSASP的用户自定义的方式搭建。继电保护及安全自动装置是由不同的元件按照一定的逻辑关系组成的，装置中的很多元件具有一定的通用性。建模时首先将这类元件单独建模，作为具体保护和自动装置模型的基本功能框。保护及自动装置大都可以分解成基本元件的组合，完成基本元件建模后，由其根据各种保护原理进行具体保护建模，使所建立的模型具有较强的通用性。最后汇总成继电保护和安全自动装置模型库。在仿真计算中添加继保和安自模型，通过河南南部实际算例和WSCC9节点算例进行验证和连锁故障仿真计算，结果表明能够真实反映继电保护动作逻辑，反应电力系统全过程动态行为，实现连锁故障的仿真分析。关键词：基本元件模型；继电保护；安全自动装置；连锁故障摘要AbstractThepowergridisbecominglargerandmorecomplex,atthesametime,thesafetyandreliabilityofpowersystemoperationhavefacednewchallenges,andlarge-scaleblackoutscausehugerlost.Theculpritoflarge-scaleblackoutsiscascadingfailure,andrelayprotectionandautomaticdevicesplayacriticalroleindevelopmentoffailure,thereforeduringthesimulationcalculationofthecascadingfailuremechanicalandelectricaltransientandlong-termprocessshouldbeconsideredintheiroperatingcharacteristics.Atpresent,domesticandoverseaspowersystemanalysissoftwareislackofrelaymodelandtheirprototypemostareforeigndevices.Thesoftwarecan’tmeetsimulationdemand.While,artificialrelayswitchingisnotonlydifficultbutalsoinaccurate,impactingsimulationresults.Inordertosolvetheaboveissues,amethodofrelayModelingisproposedandstudiedinthispaper,thendocascadingfailuresimulationbasedontheestablishedmodels.ModelsaredevelopedbyUser-DefinedModel.Relayprotectionandautomationdevicesismadeupofdifferentcomponentswithcertainlogic,thesecomponentshascertaingenerality.First,Basiccomponentmodelisdeveloped,astherelaymodelbasicframe.VariousRelayprotectionmodelsiscomposedofmanybasiccomponentmodelswhichaccordingtospecificprotectionprinciple,thereforethosemodelscanhavestrongcommonality.Protectionrelaymodelsareintroducedinsimulationprocess,thoughWSCC9-buscaseandHenanactualexampleforverificationandfaultsimulationchain.Thesimulationresultsshowthatthemethodcanreflectprotectionactionmoreaccurately,andsimulationofCascadingfailureisrealized.Keywords:Basicelementmodel;RelayProtection;AutomationDevices;CascadingfailureI目录目录摘要................................................................................................................................IAbstract........................................................................................................................II主要符号表..................................................................................................................V第1章绪论..................................................................................................................11.1研究的背...
