动词不定式动词不定式形式：一般式完成式进行式完成进行式主动tobuildtohavebuilttobebuildingtohavebeenbuilding被动tobebuildtohavebeenbuild动词不定式的主要用法：一、作主语⒈不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首。如：Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：①It＋be＋名词＋todoIt‘sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.②Ittakessb+sometime+todoHowlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework?③It＋be＋形容词＋forsb＋todoItisdifficultforustofinishwritingthecompositioninaquarterofanhour.④It＋be＋形容词＋ofsb＋todoItisstupidofyoutowritedowneverythingtheteachersays.⑤Itseems(appears)＋形容词＋todoItseemedimpossibletosavemoney.二、作宾语⒈不定式作宾语①以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等如：Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋todo句式。如：Wethinkitquiteimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.③介词but,except,besides+todo(do)在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to，带to不带do。如：Theenemysoldiershadnochoicebuttogivein.OnSundayafternoonIhadnothingtodobutwatchTV.④部分动词后面，既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。如：begin,continue,start,hate,like,love,need,require,want等。在need,require,want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被动形式，如：Yourhandwritingneedsimproving(tobeimproved).⑤部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。forget,remember,regret①后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如：Don’tforgetfoposttheletterforme.HaveyouforgottenmeetingherinBeijingAirport?Remembertoclosethewindowsbeforeyouleave.Irememberwritinghimaletterayearago.Weregrettotellyouthatallofyouarenotinvitedtoattendthemeeting.Theyregrettedorderingthesebooksfromabroad.meantodo②打算做某事meandoing意味着……Imeanttocatchupwiththeearlybus.Thismeanswastingalotofmoney.trytodo③设法尽力做某事doing试着做某事Youshouldtrytoovercomeyourshortcomings.Tryworkingoutthephysicsprobleminanotherway.stoptodo④停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）stopdoing停止做某事Onthewaytotheairport,Istoppedtobuyapaper.You‘dbetterstoparguinganddoasyouaretold.can’thelpdoing⑤禁不住……can’thelptodo不能帮助干……Theycouldn‘thelpjumpingupatthenews.SorryIhavelotsofworktodo.SoIcan’thelptomakeuptheroomforyou.goontodo⑥做不同的事或不同内容的事goondoing继续不停地做某事，指同一动作的继续Hewentontotalkaboutworldsituation.We‘llgoonfightingsolongasthereisoppressionintheworld.三、作表语不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；(动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。)Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.四、作定语⒈不定式作定语，不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：ThenexttraintoarriveisfromWashington.MywishtovisitFrancehascometrueatlast.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowriteon?Haveyouanythingtobetakentoyoursister?（主语不执行不定式的动作）Doyouhaveanythingtosayonthequestion?（主语执行动词不定式的动作）2.不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句，例ThenexttraintoarriveisfromWashin...
