专题限时集训(七)推理判断之文章出处、读者对象A(2019·安徽省皖北协作区联考)About1．5billionpeoplespeakEnglisharoundtheworld.Butformorethan1．1billionofthem，Englishistheirsecondlanguage—oftenwithanoticeableaccent.“Someone'saccentreallyrevealsalotaboutwhotheyareandtheiridentity.Itwilltellpeoplewhattheirnativelanguageisandprobablywheretheycomefrom，”saysMarcPell，acommunication'sprofessoratMcGillUniversityinMontreal.AndaccordingtoPell，onereactiontoitcanbeabias(偏见)againstthatperson.Previousresearchthathasbeendoneelsewhereshowedthatpeoplewhohaveanaccenttendtobetrustedless，simplybecausetheyhaveanaccent.Butaccentsaren'ttheonlythingwelistenforwhenwehavetodecideifwetrustanotherperson.Toneofvoicealsoplaysarole.Pellandhisteamwantedtoknowifpeoplewouldtrustaconfidenttone，evenifitcamefromsomeonewithanaccent.TheresearchershadCanadianEnglishspeakerslistentodifferentversionsofpeoplesayingneutral(无明显特性的)statementslike“shehasaccesstothebuilding”whiletheyweregettingabrainscaninanMRI(磁共振成像)machine.SubjectsheardsomeonesayitwithaconfidenttonewithaCanadianEnglishaccent,anAustralianaccentoraFrenchaccent.Participantsalsoheardthesentencewiththethreeaccentsspokeninadoubtfulorneutraltone.TheMRIscansshowedthattheparticipantshadtousemorebrainpowertodecideiftheycouldtrustthestatementssaidwiththenonnativeaccents.WhenthestudyparticipantsheardtheAustralianorFrenchaccents，bloodflowincreasedtothepartofthebrainthatweusetoprocesssound.Theyseemedtohavetoanalyzethatperhapsmorecarefully，orforalongerperiodoftimetomakethisdecisionaboutwhethertheytrulybelievedthespeaker，especiallywhenthespeakersoundeddoubtful.Whenasked，theparticipantsreportednottrustingeitherAustralianorFrenchaccents—exceptwhenthestatementsweresaidconfidently.Itseemsthatconfidencespeaksforitself.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。虽然人们会因一个人的口音而对他产生一定的偏见，但是只要他说话时很自信，也同样会赢得人们的信任。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A．Aperson'saccent.B．Aperson'sidentity.C．Aperson'shometown.D．Aperson'snativelanguage.A[考查代词指代。根据第二段内容可知，MarcPell认为，人的口音能透露出一个人的身份和母语，还有可能揭示他来自哪里，人们可能会因一个人的口音而对他产生一定的偏见。由此可推知，it指的是“一个人的口音”。故正确答案为A。]2．WhatdidPell'steamwanttoknow?A．Whysomepeopletrustothersless.B．Whichpartsofthebraindealwithsound.C．Whatcancauseabiasagainstnonnatives.D．Whetheranonnative'sconfidenttonecangaintrust.D[考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“Pellandhisteamwantedtoknowifpeoplewouldtrustaconfidenttone，evenifitcamefromsomeonewithanaccent.”可知，Pell的团队想知道人们是否会信任带有口音的自信语调。故正确答案为D。]3．Forthestudyparticipants，whichofthefollowingmightdemandthemostbrainpower?A．ACanadianspeakingEnglishinafriendlyway.B．AFrenchpersonspeakingEnglishneutrally.C．AnAmericanspeakingEnglishconfidently.D．AnAustralianspeakingEnglishdoubtfully.D[考查推理判断。根据第五段第一至三句“TheMRIscansshowedthattheparticipantshadtousemorebrainpowertodecideiftheycouldtrustthestatementssaidwiththenonnativeaccents...Theyseemedtohavetoanalyzethatperhapsmorecarefully，orforalongerperiodoftimetomakethisdecisionaboutwhethertheytrulybelievedthespeaker，especiallywhenthespeakersoundeddoubtful.”可知，当面临用迟疑的语气说出带口音的话语时，参与者需要耗费更多的脑力去判断其是否可信。由此可推知，在面对一位用...
