现在完成时态与过去时态现在完成时态与过去时态ThePresentPerfectTense王朴中学喻梅现在完成时态的构成have/has+done(动词的过去分词)Ihaveseenthefilm.Hehasn’tseenthefilm.Havetheyseenthefilm?Yes,theyhave.(No,theyhaven’t)我已经看了那部电影。他还没有看过那部电影。他们看过那部电影了吗?是的,他们看了。(不,他们还没有。)动词的过去分词的构成growstarttellsingstep1.规则动词2.不规则动词finish--finished--finishedlive--lived--livedcarry--carried--carriedstop—stopped--stoppedgo—went—gonesee---saw—seenforget—forgot--forgottenwritethinkteachthankread现在完成时态的用法表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态。常常与for引导的一段时间和since引导的短语或时间状语从句连用。这种用法中的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。1.2.表示过去某时间发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常常与already,yet,just,ever,before,never,sofar等时间状语连用。Fillintheblanks.1.–Canyou____(lend)meyourdictionary?I__________(lose)mine.2.–John,_____you_______(return)myladderyet?–Notyet.Don’tworry.I___________(return)itsoon.3.–Wendy,_____youever______(write)alettertoyouraunt?–Yes,I_____.I______(write)onelastweek.lendhavelosthavereturnedwillreturnhavewrittenhavewrote现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别一般过去时态(过去的动作)现在完成时态(现在的状态)两种时态都发生在过去,但一般过去时态和现在没有联系,只是一个过去的事实;而现在完成时态则强调与现在的关系。1.Hepostedtheletteryesterday.Hehaspostedtheletteralready.一般过去时与现在完成时态的区别•Ihadlunchathome.我在家里吃的午饭。•I’vehadlunchathome.我已经在家吃过午饭了。•IhavelivedinSydneyforthreedays.我在这儿已经三天了。•IlivedinSydneyforthreedays.我在悉尼住过三天。•Igotup.(×)改为:•Ihavegotup.或Igotupat6:00.一般过去时态justnow,ago,lastweek,yesterday现在完成时态justnow,ago,lastweek,yesterdayjust,ever,never,before,already,yetlately=recently=intherecentyears最近since(yesterday,1964,twoyearsago)inthelastfewdays=inpastfewyearsforalongtime(twoyears)sofartill(until)nowthesedays3.They________________(visit,never)Africa,butthey_____________(travel)toSouthAmericaseveraltimes.Thelasttimethey_____(go)toSouthAmerica,and_______(visit)Braziland_______(hike)foraweek.1.-Doyoulikethemovie“Kongfu"?-Idon'tknow.I______________(see,never)thatmovie.____you______(see)italready?-Yes,ofcourse.I____(see)itamonthago.2.Sam_______(arrive)inNewYorkaweekago.haveneverseenHaveseensawarrivedhavenevervisitedwentvisitedhikedhavetraveledhave/hasgonetohave/hasbeento1.李雷去哪里了?2.你去过北京吗?HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?WherehasLiLeigone?去了某地(还没有回来)去过某地(回来了)Choosegoneorbeen1.Shehas______toHainantwice.2.Dadisn’tin.Hehas_____toChengduonbusiness.3.Wherehaveyou______?Someonecalledyou,butIcouldn’tfindyoujustnow.beengonebeen现在完成时态的用法2.表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态。常常与for引导的一段时间和since引导的短语或时间状语从句连用。这种用法中的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。1.表示过去某时间发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常常与already,yet,just,ever,before,never,sofar等时间状语连用。表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.即for,since短语或howlong问句Ihaveboughtthispenfortwomonths.Ihavehadthispenfortwomonths.Howlonghaveyou_____thispen?hadTheplayhasbegunforanhour.hasbeenonforanhour.come/arrivegooutleavebeginbuyborrowjoinbeherebeoutbeaway(from)beon/lasthavekeepbeamemberof/beinbedeadhaveacoldleavegetupopenturnonfinish/enddiecatchacold...