高中英语必修-Unit5NelsonMandela——amodernhero要点解析一、词汇过关1.devote【考纲释义】vt.投入;献身Theoldladydevotedhimselfentirelytoeducationcareer.那位老人将一生奉献给了教育事业。Suedevotedmostofhertimeandenergytocaringforthekids.苏将绝大多数时间和精力都献身于照料孩子们。【知识拓展】devote(one’slife/time/energy/money/oneself)to(doing)sth...献身于;专心于注意:该短语中to是介词,后面接名词或动词-ing。常见的类似短语还有:leadto(导致……);lookforwardto(盼望……);payattentionto(注意……);prefer…to(相比……更喜欢……);stickto(坚持……)。bedevotedtosth./sb./doingsth.致力于、贡献于。devotionn.献身、贡献2.reward【考纲释义】vt&n.酬谢,给予报答;报酬,奖金Myfatherpromisedtorewardmewithabigchocolate.父亲承诺奖励我一块大巧克力。Heworkedhardwithoutmuchreward.他工作很努力,但是报酬很少。【知识拓展】inreward(for...)作为(对……的)报酬、报答;givearewardtosb.forsth.为……给某人报酬、赏金;rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因……报答、奖赏某人;rewardsb.withsth.用……报答、奖赏某人词义辨析:reward指回报,报酬award指获奖,奖励prize指奖励,奖金3.equal【考纲释义】adj.平等的;相等的v.等于,和……相媲美n.相当;平手Womendemandequalpayforequalwork.女性要求同工同酬。Allpeoplearebornequal.人人生来平等。Heequalsmeinstrengthbutnotinintelligence.他和我力气相当,但是智力不如我。It’sarelieftofindabosswhotreatsemployeesasequals.能碰到一个平等对待员工的老板真是令人欣慰。【知识拓展】beequalwith与……平等beequalto等于;相当于;胜任;经得起I’mnotequaltotheposition.我不能胜任这个职位。Theyhopedthattheblackcouldbeequalwiththewhite.他们希望黑人和白人能够平等。equalityn.平等equallyadv.相等的,相同的4.advise【考纲释义】vt.建议Mr.SmithadvisedustopractiseoralEnglishasoftenaspossible.=Mr.Smithadvisedthatwe(should)practiseoralEnglishasoftenaspossible.史密斯先生建议我们要尽可能地多练口语。【知识拓展】advisesb.onsth.就……给某人出主意n./pron.建议……v.advise+sb.todosth.建议某人干……advise(one’s)doingsth.建议(某人)干……advise(that)sb.(should)don.advice建议;意见(不可数名词)apieceofadvice一条建议gotosb.foradvice=asksb.foradvice向某人寻求建议;征询某人的意见giveadvicetosb.onsth.就……对某人提供建议followsb’sadvice=takesb’sadvice接受某人的建议5.attack【考纲释义】n.进攻,袭击,侵害v.攻击,进攻,发作Hediedofaheartattack.他死于心脏病发作。Shestartedattackingtheburglarwithapieceofwood.她开始用一块木头猛打进屋行窃的小偷。【知识拓展】be/comeunderattack遭到袭击makeanattackon/against攻击,袭击attacksb.withsth.用……袭击attacksb.forsth.因……袭击Onceagainwecameunderattackforthefiringof50employees.公司因裁员50人而遭到猛烈抨击。二、短语诠释1.loseheart丧失勇气或信心Thoughhefailedmanytimes,butheneverlostheart.他失败了许多次,但他并没有失去信心。Whateveryoudo,youcan’tloseheart.不管你做什么,千万不要失去信心。【知识拓展】loseheart丧失勇气或信心loseone’sheart(tosb/sth)爱上loseface丢脸;受屈辱loseone’sjob失业loseone’sbalance失去平衡loseone’sbreath上气不接下气loseone’slife丧生;遇害2.outofwork失业,出问题Becauseofthefinancecrisis,shehasbeenoutofworkforseveralmonths.由于金融危机,她已经失业几个月了。Mycellphonehasbeenoutofworkforseveraldays,whichbroughtmealotofinconvenience.我的手机坏了好几天了,这给我带来了很多不便。【知识拓展】outofbreath上气不接下气outofpatience不耐烦outofuse没用了outofdate过时outoforder次序颠倒;出故障outofcontrol失控outofdanger脱离危险outofshape变形Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见,心不烦。3.introuble有麻烦,处于不幸中Henevercameexceptwhenhewasintrouble.他从...
