he四肢肌(双语本科).06pptVIP专享VIP免费

贺细菊DepartmentofAnatomyThemusclesoflimbs四肢肌1.掌握三角肌的起止作用2.掌握臂肌的分群、分层及作用3.掌握前臂肌的名称5.掌握臀大肌、髂腰肌和梨状肌的起止作用6.掌握大腿肌分群、分层和各群肌的功能7.掌握小腿三群肌名称和小腿三头肌起止作用目的与要求themusclesofshoulder上肢带肌themusclesofarm臂肌themusclesofforearm前臂肌themusclesofhand手肌section5ThemusclesofupperlimbAccordingtotheirlocations,themusclesofupperlimbaredivisibleinto:1.ThemusclesofShoulder1.ThemusclesofShoulderTheysurround,protectandacttheshoulderjoint.Theyarisefromtheshouldergirdleandareinsertedintothehumerus.Therearesixmuscles.Deltoid三角肌Supraspinatus冈上肌Infraspinatus冈下肌Teresminor小圆肌Teresmajor大圆肌Subscapularis肩胛下肌Thisthick,powerful,triangularmusclecoverstheshoulderjointandformstheroundedcontouroftheshoulder.Origin:lateralthirdofclavicle,acromion,andspineofscapulaInsertion:deltoidtuberosityofhumerusAction:abductsthearmDeltoid三角肌预防针注射部位肱骨外科颈骨折时，腋神经受损会引起三角肌瘫痪，形成“方肩”畸形Muscletendinousstuff肌腱袖SubscapularisSubscapularis肩胛下肌肩胛下肌SupraspinatusSupraspinatus冈上肌冈上肌InfraspinatusInfraspinatus冈下肌冈下肌TeresminorTeresminor小圆肌小圆肌Theshoulderstuffprotectstheshoulderjointandgivesitstability.Thetendonsoffourmuscles,viz.Theyaredividedintotwogroups,theanterior(flexor)groupandtheposterior(extensor)groupTheanteriorgroup2.ThemusclesofarmBicepsbrachiiBicepsbrachii肱二头肌肱二头肌Origin:longhead,supraglenoidtubercle;shorthead,coracoidprocessInsertion:radialtuberosityAction:flexorofelbowjointCoracobrachialisCoracobrachialis喙肱肌喙肱肌Action:FlexesandadductsthearmattheshoulderjointBrachialisBrachialis肱肌Action:flexorofelbowjointTheposteriorgroupTricepsbrachii肱三头肌Origin:longhead,infraglenoidtubercle;lateralhead,abovegrooveforradialn;medialhead,belowgrooveforradialn.Insertion:olecranonofulnaAction:extendselbowjointTrilateralandquadrilateralforamen三边孔和四边孔Trilateralforamen三边孔:旋肩胛AQuadrilateralforamen四边孔:旋肱后A、腋NBrachioradialis肱桡肌Pronatorteres旋前圆肌Flexorcarpiradialis桡侧腕屈肌Palmarislongus掌长肌Flexorcarpiulnaris尺侧腕屈肌3.Themusclesofforearm3.ThemusclesofforearmAnteriorgroup(9)TheSuperficiallayer(5):Fromtheradialsidetotheulnaside从桡侧到尺侧ThesecondlayerThesecondlayer(1):指浅屈肌指浅屈肌（（止于中节指骨体两侧止于中节指骨体两侧））Thethirdlayer(2):Thethirdlayer(2):拇长屈肌拇长屈肌指深屈肌指深屈肌（（止于远节指骨底止于远节指骨底））Thefourthlayer(1):Thefourthlayer(1):PronatorquadratusPronatorquadratus旋前方肌旋前方肌TheSuperficiallayer(5):Fromtheradialsidetotheulnaside从桡侧到尺侧Extensorcarpiradialislongus桡侧腕长伸肌Extensorcarpiradialisbrevis桡侧腕短伸肌Extensordigitorum指伸肌Extensordigitiminimi小指伸肌Extensorcarpiulnaris尺侧腕伸肌Posteriorgroup(10)Supinator旋后肌Abductorpollicislongus拇长展肌Extensorpollicisbrevis拇短伸肌Extensorpollicislongus拇长伸肌Extensorindicis示指伸肌（展、短、长）TheDeeplayer(5)Lateralgroup－thenar鱼际IntermedialgroupMediagroup－hypothenar小鱼际4.Themusclesofhand4.ThemusclesofhandLearnbyyourselfSection6ThemusclesoflowerlimbThelowerlimbsareusedchieflyforthesupportandpropulsionofthebody,sothatthemusclesarebrawnyandstrongbutsmallinnumber.Themusclesoflowerlimbaredividedinto:Musclesofhip髋肌Musclesofthigh大腿肌Musclesofleg小腿肌Musclesoffoot足肌Anteriorgroup(2):iliopsoas髂腰肌Origin...