概念意义和关联意义VIP专享VIP免费

GROUPNO.1（08英D）李金娇陈雅萍郭丽君叶慧张家贝LexicalmeaningAssociativemeaning(关联意义）Conceptualmeaning(概念意义)/Referentialmeaning(所指意义)ThelexicalmeaningofEnglishwordsconsistsofconceptual（概念意义）meaningandassociativemeaning（关联意义）.Conceptualmeaningisthecoreofword’smeaning.Itreferstotheobjectdirectlyandclearly.Soitisalsocalledreferentialmeaning.Whenconceptualmeaningissettled,thismeaningisrelativelystableandclear.Ithasrelativestability.Associativemeaningistheaddedmeaning(附带意义）oftheword,includingpersonalaffections(感情色彩)andstylemeaning(文体意义）.Ithastocorrespondpersonalunderstandingsofthespeaker.Associativemeaningisveryunstable,andcanchangeeasilyaccordingtothesituation.Father：父亲Dad:父亲，爸爸(informal)Daddy:oftenusedbyyoungchildrenPapa:(old-fashioned),usedbychildrentotalkaboutandaddresstheirfatherTheoldman:某人的父亲Maleparent:男性家长（formal)Theyhavethesameconceptualmeaning”father”,buttheirusagesaredifferentaccordingtothedifferentsituations.Thesameconcept”伤害”.Injury：toharmyourselforsb.elsephysically,especiallyinaccidents.e.g.Inthetrafficaccident,twowerekilledandthreegetinjured.Wound:aninjurytopartofthebody,especiallyoneinwhichaholeismadeintheskinusingaweapon.e.g.Thesoldierwasbadlywoundedinthehead.Hurt:lessinformalthaninjury,oftenusedorally,referringtothephysicalharm.e.g.Thegirlfelloffherbike,andoneofherlegshurt.Harm:oftenusedorally,physicallyormentally,cancauseupsete.g.Gettingupearlywon’tharmyou!早起对你没有害处!Words’conceptualmeaningisvirtuallythedefinitiongivenbydictionaries.Awordcanbeusedtoindicatenotonlythecollectivitybutalsotheindividual.That’stosay,awordcanhasboththegenericandspecificreference.Thesearesomeexamplestodemonstratethispoint.•Houndreferstoanydoginthepast,butinmodernEnglish,itisusedtoexpressaspecialkindofdog.Dogusedforhuntingtypicallyhavinglargedroopingearsgirl:youngpersonofeithersexyoungpeopleoffemalesexdeer:anyanimalaparticularkindofanimalmeat:foodediblepartofananimalcorn:grainaparticulargrainWhilewearelearningaword,firstlyweshouldhaveamasteryofitsconceptualmeaning,especiallylearningforeignlanguages.Aword’smeaningcanbequitedifferentfromwhatyouguessitis.Forexample:Cookerisnotapersonwhocooksbutcookingutensil.Typewriteralsodoesn’tindicateapersonbutthedeviceusedfortyping.Examples:Statisticiann.统计学家；统计员Baileen.【法律】(财物的)(保管)受托人Steakhousen.(专门供应牛排的)牛排餐馆bedsteadn.床架Bedclothesn.床上用品；铺盖Germiciden.杀菌剂IndustrialPsychology工业心理学Astrionics宇航电子学GuidedMissile导弹AircraftCarrier航空母舰Videophone可视电话E-mail电子邮件Polysemy一词多义Polysemyisacommonfeaturepeculiartoallnaturallanguagesthatonewordmayhavetwoormoresensesordifferentmeanings.mechanicsn.1、力学；机械学2、[用作复数](机械等)结构；构成3、[用作复数]技术性细节；例行手续；例行方法BeautyBeautyisbutskindeep.美貌(抽象意义)Sheisarealbeauty.美女(具体意义)Connotativemeaning内涵意义Stylisticmeaning文体意义Affectivemeaning情感意义Collocativemeaning搭配意义