扬中市第二高级中学高三英语一轮语法专题复习定语从句PeriodOneI.定语从句中各个关系代词、关系副词的基本用法:1.掌握关系词（关系代词和关系副词）的用法关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，它们在定语从句中充当三个作用：引导作用、替代作用和成分作用。关系代词和和关系副词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；关系代词在从句中代替它前面的先行词，在从句中充当成分（主、宾、表、定）；关系副词在从句中总是作状语。指人：who（主、宾），whom（宾），that（主、关系代词宾、表），whose（定），as（主、宾、表）指指物：that（主、宾、表），which（主、宾），whose（定），as（主、宾、表）关系副词when（时间状语）where（地点状语）why（原因状语）=forwhich注意：（1）关系代词在从句中充当主语时，不可省略。eg:Doyouknowthepersonwho/thatisstandingunderthetree?你认识站在树下面的那个人吗？（2）关系代词在从句中充当宾语时，可以省略。Ihaveneverseenthegirl(who/whom/that)youmentionedyesterday.★（3）从句中的介词提前时，只能用whom或which引导，且不可省略。eg:Sheistheveryperson(who/whom/that)Iturnedtoforhelp=Sheistheveryperson_____________Iturnedforhelp.她就是那个我求助的那个人。Thatisthehouse(which/that)Ilivein.=Thatisthehouse________________Ilive.（4）whose引导的定语从句可变为另外两种形式，即：①the+n.+ofwhich/whom…②ofwhich/whom+the+n.…Wearestudyinginaclassroom_____________________facesouth.1定语从句引导词扬中市第二高级中学高三英语一轮语法专题复习=Wearestudyinginaclassroom______________________facesouth.=Wearestudyinginaclassroom__________________________facesouth.我们在一个窗户朝南开的教室里学习。Doyouknowthatman________________________areblue?=Doyouknow___________________________areblue?=Doyouknow___________________________________areblue?你认识那个眼睛是蓝色的男人吗？对于这种定语从句形式的考查，一般都在定冠词the上做文章，一定要注意选项中是否有the。★（5）三个关系副词可以用“介词+which”的形式来替换；Thisisthetownwherehegrewup.这就是他长大的那个城镇。=Thisisthetown_________________hegrewup.=Theisthetown__________________hegrewupin.II.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别:Heisaboywhoworksveryhard.他是一个学习非常刻苦的男孩。Thisishermother,whoworksinahospital.这就是她的妈妈，她在医院工作。Hegaveupaplanwhich/thatwasaverygoodone.他放弃了一个非常好的计划。Hegaveuptheplan,whichwasaverygoodone.他放弃了这个计划，这个计划非常好。III.限制性定语从句中只能用that的情况:用例句总结规律1.Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?2.TheonlypassagethatIhavereadrecentlyisthemerchantofVenice.3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.4.Whatisthefirstnovelthatyouhaveread?5.Doyoustillrememberthethingsandthepersonsthatgaveyousomuchjoy?2扬中市第二高级中学高三英语一轮语法专题复习6.Whoisthatmanthatwearsanecklaceeveryday?7.Thisisnotthecitythatitusedtobe.IV.只能用which、who(m)的情况，（而不用that）1在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which引导定语从句，which可以引导修饰整个主句的定语从句（代替前面主句），用who/whom指人。2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句时，只能用which指物，whom指人。3.当先行词本身是that是，关系词用which；先行词为those,anyone,one,ones时，多用who引导。eg:Anyonewho_________thelawshallbepublished.Thosewho________againsttheplanputupyourhandsplease.Onewho_______nothingtofearforhimselfdarestotellthetruth.EX1.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof________havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what2.Pleasesendusalltheinformation_________youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what3.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea...
