BeijingOperaistheessenceofourcountry,manypeopleunderstandingtheoperamoreorless.卷首语（精髓）BeijingOperaisverypopularinChina.Ithasahistoryofmorethan200years.DuringthereignoftheQianlongemperorintheQingdynasty,Qianlonghadainterestinthelocalopera.In1790,tocelebratehiseightiethbirthday,hesummonedoperatroupes(戏班)fromdifferentplacestoperformforhiminBeijing.FourfamoustroupesfromAnhuiprovinceremainedinBeijingafterthecelebration.In1828,AHubeitroupecametoBeijingandoftenperformedtogetherwiththeAnhuitroupes.ThetwotypesofsingingmixedtogetherandgraduallyanewtypecameintobeingknownasBeijingOpera.BeijingOperaisacomprehensiveperformingarts.Thatis,sing(唱),read(念)anddo(作),fight(打),dance(舞)Beijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperas京剧脸谱Beijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperas,isaspecialfeatureofanationalcosmetic.Aseachhistoricalfigureoracertaintypeofpersonhasanapproximatespectraltype,likesing,playmusictothemusic,socalled“typesoffacialmakeupinoperas”.Onthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperassources,thegeneralviewisfrommask.RedhasexpressedhisWarriors(勇士)ofstrongtypesoffacialmakeupinoperassuchasGuanYuBlacksaidthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperasmingcriticized(刚烈)people,integrity(正直),braveryandevenreckless(鲁莽),suchasZhangFeiYellowtypesoffacialmakeupinoperasthatviciousbrutality(凶狠残暴),suchasDianWeitypesoffacialmakeupinoperasthatsomeofthefiguresrepresentedirritable(粗豪暴躁),suchasDouAmbassador(窦尔敦、),MaWu(马武)BlueorgreenGeneraltreacherous(奸诈的)courtofficialsaidthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperaswhite,badguys,suchasXujia•铁梅奶奶，您听我说！（唱）【西皮流水】我家的表叔数不清，没有大事不登门。虽说是，虽说是亲眷又不相认，可他比亲眷还要亲。爹爹和奶奶齐声唤亲人，这里的奥妙我也能猜出几分。他们和爹爹都一样，都有一颗红亮的心。TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingopera•ThestagesettingThestagesettingcitygatecitygateoaroarwhipwhipwhip（传奇人物）Mr.MeiLanfang,themasterofPekingOpera,MeiLanfangisgoodatplayingtheroleofwomeninBeijingoperas,called“Dan”.梅兰芳、程砚秋、荀慧生、尚小云Mei’smasterpieceplaysFarewellMyConcubineFarewellMyConcubine((霸王别霸王别姬姬))TheDrunkenConcubineTheDrunkenConcubine((贵妃醉贵妃醉酒酒))Re-commandingtheArmyRe-commandingtheArmy((穆桂英挂穆桂英挂帅帅))ScatteringFlowersScatteringFlowers((天女散花天女散花))EternalRegretEternalRegret((长恨歌长恨歌))Mei’sstageMei’sstagephotosphotosMr.MeiincreasedinternationalcommunicationbetweenChinaandothercountriesastheforerunnerwhospreadsBeijingoperaabroad.JapanJapanAmericaAmericaFormerFormerSovietSovietUnionUnionBeijingoperaisatraditionalfortuneofourcountry.Thoughitisdifficulttoperform,wecanenjoyitifitisreformed.
