Unit2NotTooShortLesson3重点解析：宾语补足语英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况，否则句子意思就不完整。概念：用以补充说明宾语，并与宾语一起构成复合宾语的句子成分，叫作宾语补足语。构成：可以做宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、分词以及介词短语等。例：Youmustkeeptheroomcleanandtidy.你必须保持房间干净和整洁。Peoplesawhimrunningaway.人们看到他跑了。Don’tleaveyourcarthere.It’snotaparkingarea.别把你的车停在那儿，那不是停车场。Letmeputthisbagonthedesk.让我把这个包放在桌子上。什么是复合宾语？宾语和宾语补足语合称为“复合宾语”。句子结构为：“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”。如：Hemadeuslaugh.他使我们哈哈大笑。复合宾语（1）宾语+不定式ThedoctoradvisedMarytohavemoreexercise.医生建议玛丽多锻炼。I’llgetsomeoneelsetodoit.我要找别人来做这件事。Ishouldpreferyounottochangeyourplan.我倒情愿你们不要改变计划。复合宾语（2）宾语+动词ing形式Didyousmellsomethingburning?你闻到什么东西烧焦了吗？Icouldfeelmyheartbeatingviolently.我可以感觉到心跳得很厉害。Hekeptthemworkingallday.他让他们整天干活。复合宾语（3）宾语+过去分词Theyfoundtheroomcrowdedwithpeople.他们发现屋子里挤满了人。Wehadthephotographtakenwhenwewereworkinginthefield.这照片是我们在地里干活时照的。Heacknowledgedhimselfdefeated.他承认自己失败了。复合宾语（4）宾语+名词Theymadehimcaptainoftheship.他们让他当了船长。Wemustkeepitasecret.我们必须保密。Thatyearhismotherdied,leavinghimanorphan.那年他母亲去世了，使他成为孤儿。适合这个句式的有以下动词call,name,make,elect,appoint,nominate,christen,crown,think,consider,count,leave复合宾语（5）宾语+形容词用心爱心专心Heprovedhimselfworthyofconfidence.他证明自己是值得信赖的。Whydon’tyoudyeitblue?你干吗不把它染成蓝色?Let’sgeteverythingreadyintime.咱们按时把一切准备好。适合这个句式的有以下动词:make,paint,dye,get(ready),cut(short),set(free),keep,drive(mad),find,want,hold(responsible),wish,like,see,imagine,turn,beat(blackandblue),boil(hard),suppose,prove,think,believe,consider,leave,shout(hoarse)复合宾语用法要点：1、常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep,make,find等。如：Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.2、常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call,name,make,think等。如：Wecallthemmooncakes.3、常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see,watch,hear,find,keep等。如：Inthecountry,wecanhearbirdssinging.4、常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep,find,leave等。如：Ileftmypenonmydeskathome.5、常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask,tell,want,teach,wish等；接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see,watch,hear,make,let等。如：Ioftenseehimplayfootball.例如，Sheoftenasksmetohelpher.注：help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。如：Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework.怎样区分“双宾语”和“复合宾语”？看宾语与其后面的成分之间的关系：如果宾语与其后成分之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系（或主表关系），那么该动词所接的是复合宾语，否则就是双宾语。如：Whokeptyouwaitingsolong?（宾语you与waiting之间存在着主谓关系，因此youwaiting是复合宾语。）Lesson4Lookatthedialogue.Putthesentencesinthecorrectorderfrom1-8.3A:Didyouhearthatmycousinhelpedhisteamwinanotherchampionship?6.B:No,really?Ithinkthatheisareallygreatathlete.1.A:Iagree.Peoplearecallinghimoneofthebestontheteam.5.B:Isthatso?Well,they’reprobablyright.2.A:Buthe’sworriednow.8.B:Why?4.A:Becausehedoesn’twanttodisappointanyone.7.B:I’msurethathewon’t.【典型例题】用心爱心专心1.Whichwordstressisdifferentformtheothers?A.benefitB.trainerC.believe2.Whatfamousathletesdoyouknow?A.ofB.aboutC./3.WangNankeptbothand.A.playing,towinB.toplay,towinC.playing,winning4.Atfirst,somepeoplethoughtDengshorttoplaytabletennis.A.isB.tooC.to5.Shestartedwhenshewas9yearsold.A.winningB.winingC.wins［参考答案］1.C2.A3.C4.B5.A用心爱心专心
