牛津英语初三Unit3语法详解与练习（不定式的结构）句子结构简单句的五个基本句型主语＋不及物动词Shecame．/Myheadaches.主语＋及物动词＋宾语ShelikesEnglish.主语＋系动词＋表语Sheishappy．主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语ShegaveJohnabook．Sheboughtabookforme.主语＋宾补动词＋宾语＋宾语补语Shemakeshermotherangry．Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage（There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.）GrammarA.to不定式在句子中充当的各种成分：1.to不定式在句子中充当主语：Itis形式主语句型，真正的主语时后面的to不定式：Itisnecessarytoplanttreeseveryyear.2.to不定式在句子中充当宾语：跟在行为动词后Theboypromisesnottobelateagain.3.to不定式在句子中充当表语：跟在系动词后Mypurposeisthelpyousolveyourproblem.TheydonotseemtonoticethatIhavetriedmybest.4.to不定式在句子中充当宾语补足语：记住下面几种句式a.含有to的不定式，诸如：tellsb.(not)todosth,asksb.(not)todosth,warnsb.(not)todosth.,allowsb.(not)todosth.b.省略了to的不定式：诸如：makesb.do,letsb.do,havesb.do,helpsb.(to)do,watchsb.do,seesb.do,hearsb.do,noticesb.do5.to不定式在句子中充当定语：放在名词后面修饰名词或放在不定代词后面修饰代词，诸如：Thereisnoneedtodisturbhim.Haveyougotanythingimportanttotellme?6.to不定式在句子中充当状语：目的状语：Hestayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.Sheranfasttocatchthefirstbus.结果状语：Lindacamebackhometofindherhouseonfire.Thelittlebabyhasgrownuptobeabeautifulgirl.B.特殊疑问词加to不定式:1.除why之外，其他特殊疑问词都可以加to不定式12.注意特殊疑问词加to不定式与宾语从句之间的转换（注意宾语从句的语序），诸如：1.Simonjustforgotwhentomeethisfriends.=Simonjustforgotwhenhecouldmeethisfriends.2.Sandywantstoknowwheretoaskforadvice.=Sandywantstoknowwhereshecanaskforadvice.C.四大句型：陈述句（肯定、否定）；疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反义疑问句）；祈使句；感叹句特别注意：有时选择疑问句不要误认为是一般疑问句或选择疑问句（一）To-infinitives动词不定式Subject(主语)Toplanttreeseveryyearisnecessary.不定式作主语常能换成形式主语“it”.Toeattoomuchisunhealthyforyou.Itisunhealthyforyoutoeattoomuch.TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.我们相信早上读英语是有帮助的.WebelieveitishelpfultoreadEnglishinthemorning.Predictive(表语)Mydreamistobeagreatfootballplayer.不定式作表语，说明主语的内容，性质，特征，能接不定式作表语的名词有:dream,plan,duty,aim,purpose,job等1.我的目的是帮助你提高你的英语水平。MypurposeistohelpyouimproveyourEnglish.2.赫本的梦想是成为一个成功的芭蕾舞者。Hepburn’sdreamwastobecomeasuccessfulballetdancer.Object(宾语)不定式可以接在有些动词后作宾语,如:hope,promise,plan,learn,decide,choose,prepare,agree,remember,forget,seem1.请你不要忘记参加我们的俱乐部派对。Pleasedon’tforgettotakepartinourclubparty.2.他决定上课时不再讲话了。Hedecidednottotalkinclassanylonger.(不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not)下列句子中哪个是宾语?Wearingredcanmakeiteasierforyoutotakeaction.“it”可以代替不定式作宾语，称之为形式宾语。能加形式宾语的动词通常有:make,find,consider,feel老师应该使学生学英语容易。TeachersshouldmakeiteasierforstudentstolearnEnglish.我们发现打电脑游戏有趣。Wefinditinterestingtoplaycomputergames.2ObjectComplement(宾语补足语)Myparentsdonotallowmetogooutafter6p.m.不定式作宾补,此时宾补与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。这样的搭配有：allowsb.todosth.needsb.todosth.advisesb.(not)todosth.wantsb.(not)todosth.tell/ask/ordersb.(not)todosth.1.妈妈告诉我雨天不要骑自行车。Mymothertellsmenottorideabikeonarainyday.有些动宾结构可以接省略“to”...
