科技英语翻译大作业(科技英语6&13班)I.全篇翻译passage1：Passage１Billingforgoodsandservicesthatcustomershavepurchasedispartofanybusiness.Traditionalbillingmethodsinthebrick-and-mortarparadigmsarecostlyandinvolvegeneratinginvoices,stuffingenvelopes,affixingproperpostagetotheenvelopes,andsendingtheinvoicestothecustomers.Meanwhile,theaccountspayabledepartmentmustkeeptrackofincomingpayments,postaccountsinthedatabase,andensurethatcustomerdataarecurrent.Onlinestoreshavemanyofthesamepaymentcollectioninefficienciesastheirbrick-and-mortarcousins.Mostonlinecustomersusecreditcardstopayfortheirpurchases,whileauctioncustomersmayalsouseconventionalpaymentsmethods,includingchecksandmoneyorders.Electroniccashsystems,thoughlesspopularthanotherpaymentmethodsdoprovideseveraladvantagesaswellassomedisadvantagesuniquetoelectroniccash.Forthemostpart,electroniccashtransactionsaremoreefficient(andthereforelesscostly)thanothermethods,andthatshouldfostermorebusiness,whicheventuallymeanslowerpricesforconsumers.TransferringelectroniccashontheInternetcostslessthanprocessingcreditcardtransactions.Youhaveobservedthatconventionalmoneyexchangesystemsrequirebanks,banksbranches,clerks,automatedtellermachines,andaparallelelectronictransactionsystemtomanage,transferanddispensecash.Thatisexpensive.Ontheotherhand,electroniccashtransfersoccuracrossanexistinginfrastructure,theInternet,andthroughexistingcomputersystems.Sothefixedcostofhardwaretohandleelectroniccashisnearlyzero.BecausetheInternetspanstheglobe,thedistancethatanelectronictransactionmusttraveldoesnotaffectcost.Whenconsideringmovingphysicalcashandchecks,distanceandcostareproportional---thegreaterthedistancethatthecurrencyhastogo,themoreitcoststomoveit.However,movingelectroniccurrencyfromDetroittoSanFranciscocoststhesameasmovingitfromSanFranciscotoHongDong.Everyonecanuseelectroniccash.Merchantscanpayothermerchantsinabusiness-to-businessrelationship,andconsumerscanpayeachother.Electroniccashdoesnotrequirethatonepartyhaveanyspecialauthorization,asisrequiredwithcreditcardtransactions.(345words)II.请翻译passage2中带有下划的5个句子：Passage２1)Anxietymaybethemostcommonmentaldisorderexperiencedbyolderadults,affectingonein10peopleovertheageof60,accordingtoresearchpresentedattheAnnualMeetingoftheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationinToronto.Despiteitsprevalence,anxietyremainsoneofthemostundiagnosedandundertreatedconditionsinthispopulation.Examplesofanxietydisordersincludepanicdisorder,obsessivecompulsivedisorder,phobiasandgeneralizedanxietydisorder(GAD).GADischaracterizedbyexaggerated,uncontrollableworriesabouteverydaythings.2)Whilemanyworrisomeeventsoccuraspeopleageandwhileitisnormalforpeopletobeconcernedaboutsuchthingsasdeterioratinghealthandfinancialtroubles,peoplewithGADtendtoworryexcessivelyandconstantly.3)“Studieshaveshownthatgeneralizedanxietydisorderismorecommonintheelderly,affectingsevenpercentofseniors,thandepression,whichaffectsaboutthreepercentofseniors.Surprisingly,thereislittleresearchthathasbeendoneonthisdisorderintheelderly,”saidEricJ.Lenze,M.D.,assistantprofessorofpsychiatry,UniversityofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine.“Doctorsoftenthinkthatthisdisorderisrareintheelderlyorthatitisanormalpartofaging,sotheydon’tdiagnoseortreatanxietyintheirolderpatients,when,infact,anxietyisquitecommonintheelderlyandcanhaveaseriousimpactonqualityoflife.”Thisconstantlevelofworrycanhavenegative,andsometimesevendisabling,effectsonaperson’slife.ManypeoplewithGADhavetroublesleepingorlimittheirdailyactivitiesduetotheiranxiety.4)Untreatedanxietycanalsoleadtoanxiousdepression–aconditionthatismoredifficulttotreatandcarriesahigherriskofsuicidethandepression.“Anxietyinpeopleoverage60mighthassomesimilaritiestoanxietyinthoseyounger,butitalsohasmarkeddifferences.Wecan’tjustassumethatwecantreatthetwoagegroupsthesame,”saidDr.Lenze.5)“Wearedecadesbehindwhereweneedtobeintermsofresearchandtreatmentsforanxietyinthisolderagegroup.”Thereare,however,encouragingsignsthatstudiesarebeginningtoaddresstreatmentoptions.WhatItMeans:Anxiousolderadultsandtheirfamiliesshouldbeawareoftheprevalenceofanxietydisorders.Excessivefrettingshouldnotbeconsideredaninevitablesignofaging.AsmallpilotstudyconductedattheUniversityofPittsburghhasshownthatananti-depressantdrugwasalsoeffectiveintreatinganxietyinolderadults.Additionalstudieshopetoaddresstheroleofcognitivebehavioraltherapyorothertherapiesforanxietyintheelderly.Thereareindeedenoughthingstoworryaboutwhengrowingolder.Butuncontrollable,excessiveworryshouldn’tbeamongthem.(453words)
