2012高考英语二轮复习专题限时训练（江苏专用）专题2阅读理解18（35分钟）ATemperatureismeasuredbymeansofathermometer(温度计).Onegeneralformofthermometerdependsuponthefactthatmostsolidsandliquidsexpandastheirtemperaturerises.Thereareoneortwoexceptions.Thereis,forinstance,akindofsteelcalledinvar(from“invariable”)whichdoesnotchangeitsdimensionsastemperaturechanges;itisvaluableformakingpendulums(钟摆),since,ifthelengthofapendulumchanges,itstimeofvibrationchanges.Itisalsousedformakingveryaccuratemeasuringscales.Inbothcases,then,changesofatmospherictemperaturehavenoeffectifinvarisused.Anotherexceptionisthatveryoddliquid,water,whichhasmanystrangeproperties(特性).Aswatergetscolderitcontracts(收缩),whichisordinarybehavior,untilitreachesthetemperatureof30℃.abovefreezingpoint.Afterthat,asitgetscolder,itexpands.Thisisfortunate---forconsideringthefreezingofapond.Asthewaterontopgetscolder,itshrinks;andso,volumeforvolume,itbecomesheavierandsinks.Thisgoesonuntilallthepondisat30℃,butafterthat,asthewaterbecomescolderitexpands.Thereforethecolderwaterstaysontopandfreezes,coveringthepondwithice.Ifthewaterwentoncontractingdowntothefreezingpoint,thepondwouldbecomeasolidblockoficeintheend.Thiswouldnotworrypeoplewholiveinhotclimates,butitwouldbeveryseriousforthosewholiveincoldclimates,especiallyforthosewhowanttobreaktheiceandcatchfishwhichliveinthecoldwaterbeneath.1.Invarisvaluableformakingpendulumsbecause_______.A.itcanhardlychangeitsshapeorsizeastemperaturechanges.B.itwillchangeitsdimensionswithoutthechangeoftemperature.C.itstimeofvibrationdoesn’tchangeifitslengthchanges.D.itstimeofvibrationdoesnotchangeifitslengthchanges.2.Aswatergetscolderafterreachingthetemperatureof30℃.itwill_______.A.contractB.shrinkC.expandD.freeze3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothispassage?A.Onlyinvarcanbeusedtomakeathermometer.B.Onlywatercanbeusedtomakeathermometer.C.Bothinvarandwatercanbeusedtomakeathermometer.D.Neitherinvarnorwatercanbeusedtomakeathermometer.4.Thebesttitleofthispassageismostlikelytobe_____.A.TemperatureMeasurementB.TwoExceptionsC.UsesofInvarD.PropertiesofWaterBThesedaysnocarshowiscompletewithoutanelectriccar,andthe2011NorthAmericanInternationalAutoShowinDetroit,US,whichranfromJanuary10to23,wasnoexception.AmongthefullyelectricvehiclesondisplayweretheFordFocusElectricandtheHondaFitEV.BMWandVolvoalsohadprominentdisplaysattheshow,provingthattheycanproducepractical,yetspaciousfamily-orientedelectriccars.Industryinsidersattheshowclaimedthatmoreefficientbatteries,improvedperformanceandgreaterconsumeracceptancecouldmake2011the“yearofelectriccar”.It’slongbeenclearthatelectriccarsscoreheavilyforconvenience.Theyare,forinstance,mucheasiertomaintainthangasoline-poweredcars.Whenthebatteryrunsout,yousimplyreplaceitorrechargeit,justlikeyouwouldforacellphoneoralaptop.Thisisalsoamuchcheapermethodthanfillingyourtankwithgasoline.Betteryet,electriccarsdon’temitexhaustfumes.Asaresult,theydon’tproduceenvironmentallydamaginggreenhousegases.Itappearsthatimprovedtechnologyismakingelectriccarsandtheirmaintenancemuchmoreuser-friendly.So,whataretheobstacleswhicharepreventingelectriccarsfrombecomingpopularandfashionable?Homechargingforelectriccarscouldbeextremelyconvenientforusers.However,itisalsoapotentialobstacle.Forastart,installingchargingstationsinowners’homeswillbeachallenge,particularlyforthosewho...
