虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气•shouldhavedone/oughttohavedone•shouldn’thavedone/oughtn’ttohavedone•besupposedtohavedone•couldhavedone/couldn’thavedone•mighthavedone•needn’thavedone•wouldhavedone/wouldn’thavedone情态动词+havedone试比较以下两个句子：1.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothepark.2.Ifitweren’ttoraintomorrow,wewouldgotothepark.第一句是真实条件句，表示假设的情况有可能发生。第二句是虚拟条件句，表示假设的情况是将来不大可能发生的。时态虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反If主语＋did(be一般用were)主语＋should/would/could/might＋do与过去事实相反If主语＋haddone主语＋should/would/could/might＋havedone与将来事实相反If主语＋did/were＋shoulddo＋weretodo主语＋should/would/could/might＋doif引导的虚拟条件句•如果他有时间的话，他就会和你走。•Ifhehadtime,hewouldgowithyou.•如果我是你，我就会先做作业。•IfIwereyou,Iwoulddothehomeworkfirst.•如果我中奖的话，我会为艾滋病人建一家专门的医院。•IfIwonthelottery,IwouldbuildaspecialhospitalforAIDSpatients.•如果我昨晚不忙的话，我就和你去看电影了。•IfIhadn’tbeenbusylastnight,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilmwithyou.•如果我知道你电话号码的话，我早就给你打电话了。•IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledyoualready.•如果你之前听从我的建议的话，你就不会不通过考试了。•Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicebefore,youwouldn’thavefailedintheexam.•如果今晚下雪的话，我们就不出去了。•Ifitweretosnowthisevening,wewouldnotgoout.•如果明天是礼拜天的话，我就去看望我奶奶。•IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Iwouldgotovisitmygrandma.•如果她明天来的话，一切就没有问题了。•Ifsheshouldcometomorrow,everythingwouldbeallright.注意1：当主句和从句的动作发生时间不一致时Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctorbefore,youwouldbeallrightnow.从句动作指过去，从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在主句动作指现在：：从句动作指过去，从句动作指过去，主句动作指将来主句动作指将来：：Ifyouhadn’thurriedherejustnow,youwouldmissthemeetingtomorrow.如果条件从句中的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式可以根据它所表示的时间加以调整。•Ifhehadsetoutearlier,he____homenow.A.isB.wereC.wouldbeD.couldhavebeen注意2：当条件从句中有should,were,had三个助动词时,可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首，构成倒装句。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifsheweretowinthegame,shewouldphoneyouimmediately.WereWereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereWereshetowinthegame,shewouldphoneyouimmediately.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?HadHadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.ShouldShouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?IfIfitshouldn’traintomorrow,wewouldgoitshouldn’traintomorrow,wewouldgohiking.hiking.Shouldn’tShouldn’titraintomorrow,wewouldgoitraintomorrow,wewouldgohiking.hiking.ShouldShoulditnotraintomorrow,wewouldgoitnotraintomorrow,wewouldgohiking.hiking.╳√Ifmybrotherhadn’tgotsick,Iwouldhavegonetherewithyou.巩固：如果从句中出现should,had,were这三个词，就可以把if省略，同时把这三个词提至句子开头。Hadmybrothernotgotsick,Iwouldhavegonetherewithyou.Hadn’tmybrothergotsick,Iwouldhavegonetherewithyou.╳√注意3：我们可以用介词短语代替条件状语从句1.Withoutair,therewouldbenolife.Iftherewerenoair,therewouldbenolife.2.Butforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavefinishedthejobontime.Ifyouhadn’thelpedme,Icouldn’thavefinishedthejobontime.常用的介词有without,butfor,but,otherwise,or等•Hewasbusy,otherwiseotherwisehe_____________(come).•He__________(come),butbutheisverybusynow.•Ishouldhavehelpedhim,butbutI_______(out).•Withoutsunlight,people’slife_________(be)differentfromtoday.•Butforhishelp,you_________________(pass)theexam.wouldhavecomewouldcomewasoutwouldbecouldn’thavepassed名词性从句•宾语从句一个坚持:insist两个命令:order,command三个建议:advise,suggest,propose四个要求:demand,require,request,desire•主语从句Itis+形容词/过去分词/名词+从句•表语从句•同位语从句《金》P118•Itis(high/about)timesb.didsth.=Itis(high/about)timesb.shoulddosth.•hope,think,want,expect,plan,intend,suppose,mean•Ifonly…=HowIwish…(与onlyif不同)•wish•asif=asthough•evenif=eventhough•wouldrather时态虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反If主语＋?主语＋?与过去事实相反If主语＋?主语＋?与将来事实相反If主语＋?主语＋?if引导的虚拟条件句
