Urbanization••(2013·高考北京卷)Untilrelativelyrecently，thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.__71__Infact，nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(乡村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.•Britainwasonlythebeginning.__72__Theprocessofurbanization—themigration(迁徙)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization，whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.•In1990，fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today，over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.__73__•Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties，ittookaboutninetyfivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.__74__Untilmoderntimes，thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants，laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.Overthepasttwocenturies，theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.__75__Today，insteadofneedingninetyfivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople，oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednonfarmers.•A．Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.•B．Therestliveinsmalltowns.•C．Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.•D．Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.•E．Buteven200yearsago，onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.•F．Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.•G．Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.•《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”•关于七选五的做题方法1、先看选项。七选五的答案选项给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。2、再看空前空后。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。3、注意代词或定冠词代词或定冠词。一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，通过理解代词指代的意义（人，事物，还是某句话）来选择。4、注意一些特殊疑问词。如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，根据不同特殊疑问词的回答方式，比如对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词，对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。5、注意一些连词。如一些表示转折的连词，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，aswellas，neither...nor，either...or，notonly...butalso，ononehand....ontheotherhand等。通过不同的连词我们可以推知句与句之间不同的关系。BeforeblankBeforeblank空前空前AfterblankAfterblank空后空后choicechoice选项选项sourceCompoundCompound并列并列CauseCauseandeffectandeffect因果因果TransitionTransition转折转折Interpre-Interpre-tationtation解释解释Connectionpunctuapunctuationtion标点标点follow-upfollow-up后续后续承接，承接，SummarizingPronounPronoun代词代词PronounPronoun代词代词TimeTime时间词时间词TimeTime时间词时间词contrarycontrary相反词相反词contrarycontrary相反词相反词SimilarSimil...
