定语从句讲解 (2)VIP免费

定语从句1．定义2．先行词：名词，代词，名词短语，句子。3．分类：限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句4．引导词：关系代词和关系副词关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词：when,where,whyThat指人指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语。只能引导限定性定语从句，作宾语可省略。1.ThisisthebookthatIwaslookingfor.2.Sheisthedoctorthatisinchargeofyou.Which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语。作宾语可省略。可以放在介词之后引导定语从句。1.ThisisthebookwhichIwaslookingfor.2.Hefailedintheexam,whichwasdifficult.只能用that不用which引导的定语从句1.先行词由anything,something,nothing,everything,all,few,none充当时IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?2.先行词既指人又指物时Theboyandthedogthatwerebelievedtobelostinthewoodwererescuedthismorning.3.先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时HarbinisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhavebeento.4.先行词前有theonly,thevery修饰时ThisistheverybookthatIwaslookingfor.5.由特殊疑问句who,which开头，为了避免重复Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere？Who指人，在定语从句中做主语，宾语，表语。1.Themanwhoispleasedwiththepresentstateofthingsisafailure.2.Iknowthemanwhoyoumean.只能用who不用that引导的定语从句1．当先行词由不定代词anyone,someone,anybody,somebody,nobody,those,one充当时Anyonewhoisagainsttheopinionmayspeakout.2．在therebe句型当中通常用who不用thatThereisagentlemanwhowantstoseeyou.Whom指人，在从句中作宾语，可以放在介词之后引导定语从句Iknowthemanwhomyoumean.Whose指人指物，在从句中作定语1.Thisisthestudentwhosepronunciationisthebestinourclass.2.Thisisthebookwhosepriceisveryhigh.As指人指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语。在限定性定语从句中通常和thesame,such连用。在非限定性定语从句中可以指代整个句子。1.Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.2.ShewearsthesamedressasMaryworeyesterday.3.Warscancausegreatsufferingstopeople,ashappenedinIraq.4.Asisknowntoall,theearthisround.as和which引导非限定定语从句的的区别1.as可以放在句首which不行2.as翻译成正如正像,which不译When在从句中作时间状语，可以用介词加which来替换WewillneverforgetthosedayswhenwespentourholidayinEurope.(duringwhich）Where在从句中作地点状语，可以用介词加which来替换Afastfoodrestaurantistheplacewhereeatingisperformedquickly.(inwhich)Why在从句中作原因状语，可以用介词加which来替换Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslate.（forwhich）几个特殊的先行词要注意定语从句的引导词thewayIdon’tlikethewayinwhich/that/\hetreatedhismother.thesituationHegothimselfintoaserioussituationwhereheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.theoccasionWeshouldn’tmisstheoccasionwhentheprimeministervisitedourschool.Prep.+which引导定语从句，介词的选择根据句意选择，根据先行词选择，根据动词选择。1.Helosthisglasseswithoutwhichhecanseenothing.2.Thisistheroominwhichhelivedformorethan20years.3.Themagazinetowhichhesenthisstoriessellswell.