北京外国语大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析Directions:Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions1-5,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA―Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.Anewvolcanowasbeingborn.Gengduoyuanxiaowanzhengkaoboyingyuzhentijiqijiexiqinglianxiquanguomianfeizixundianhua:silinglingliuliubaliujiuqiba,huojiazixunqq:qiqierliuqibawusanqi.Thevolcanointhecornfieldgrewuntilitwasbiggerthanthecornfield!1PeoplecalledthevolcanotheLittleMonsterbecauseitgrewsofast.Scientistscamefromallovertheworldtostudyitandwatchitgrow.Itisnotoftenthatpeoplegetachancetowatchavolcanofromtheverybeginning.Mostofthevolcanoeshavebeenhereforaverylongtime.Somehavebeenheresolongthatnowtheyarecold.Theyarecalleddeadvolcanoes.Theyhavestoppedthrowingoutfireandmeltedrockandsmoke.Itissafetowalkonthem.Farmsareplowedonthequietslopes,andpeoplehavebuilthousesthere.Somevolcanoeshavestoppedthrowingouthotrock,buttheystillsmokealittlenowandthen.Theyare"sleeping"volcanoes.Sometimetheymay"wakeup".2Todayvolcanoesarenotsodangerousforpeopleastheywerealongtimeago.Nowweknowmoreaboutwhyvolcanoesdowhattheydo,andwecanusuallytellwhentheyaregoingtodoit.3Peopleusedtothinkdragonsundertheearthcausedvolcanoes.Theysaidthesmokethatpuffedabovethegroundwasthedragon'sbreath.Theysaidtheearthquakeswerecausedbythedragon'smovingarounddownintheearth.Nowweknowthatthisisnottrue.Anotherthingweknowaboutvolcanoesisthattheydon'thappenjustanywhere.4Scientistsknowwheretheseplacesare,andmapshavebeenmadetoleteverybodyknow.Therearedifferentkindsofvolcanoes.Someexplodesoviolentlythattherockgoeshighintotheairandfallsmilesaway.Avolcanomayshootoutashessohighthattheyfloatallthewayaroundtheworld.Theyhavemadethesunsetsgreenandthesnowpurple.5Oneverytallvolcanostaysfieryredatthetopallthetime.Itisluckythatthevolcanoisneartheocean.Sailorscanuseitforalighthouse.[A]Othervolcanoesaremoregentle.Thehotlavarisesintheirconesandoverflows,rollingslowlydownthemountainside,whereitbecomescoolandhard.[B]Blacksmokepuffedout.Hotashesfelllikeblacksnowflakes.Hotrockandfireandlavashotout.[C]Smokepuffedup,androckstartedpoppingupoutofacrackthatopenedintheground.[D]AvolcanonamedVesuviussleptforathousandyears.Butitwokeupandthrewoutsomuchhotmeltedrockthatitburiedthebuildingsoftwocities.[E]Beforeasleepingvolcanowakesup,itusuallymakesanoiselikefarawaythunder,andthegroundshakesinsmallearthquakes.Peoplearewarnedandhavetimetogetawaysafely.[F]Avolcanostartsfromaholeinthegroundfromwhichhotrockandsmokeandsteamcomeout.Far,farunderthegrounditissohotthatrockmelts.Thishotmeltedrock,orlava,issometimespushedoutoftheearththroughaholeoracrackintheground.Thesteaminsidetheearthpushestherockout.[G]Therearecertainplacesundertheearthwheretherockisbrokeninawaythatletsthesteamandhotrockescapetotheoutsidemoreeasily.答案及详解1.B。填写这几句话时,应该从上下文的语境和语意中来理解,前一句说火山开始萌发了。后一句说人们把火山称为小恶魔因为是它萌发的十分迅速,可见中间的三句话应该描述的是火山萌发的过程,而需要填写的这三句话,简明、扼要、显得很有力量,同时也很形象地说明了问题。2.D。填写这段话时,应结合前文来看。文章的第四段说明了有一种火山的类型,“就是休眠”火山,那么下一段,理所当然可以举个例子来说明。3.E。填写这几句话时,也应该结合上文来理解。在本段的前几句提到,现在的火山已不再让人类感到那么恐惧,因为人类已经可以预知它的发生了。紧接下来,就从声音、地面晃动等情况描述了火山苏醒时的情景注意本句话比较容易和选项D填写的位置弄混淆。4.G。填写这句话时可以看到,前一句说的是我们已经知道火山不会在所有的地方爆发,那究竟哪些地方不会发生火山呢,这句话就作出了描述,讲明了原因。5.A。填写这段话时,应结合上文,前一段就说明了有很多种类型的火山,并列举了一种爆发时很猛烈的火山,那么与之对应,也就有爆发时相对温柔的火山。F。这段话也是描述了火山萌发过程,很容易将它填在①处,但它不合适的原因是,过于冗长,不适合当时的语言环境,不能很好的表达出人们要将火山称之为小恶魔时的恐惧的心情。C。这句话描述的是烟喷出,岩石迸出,火山即将爆发时的场景,显然没有其它合适的地方填这句话,另外,可能有人会将它与选项G混淆,应注意区分两者的意思。中心思想本文从火山喷发的过程。火山的种类、以及目前人类对火山的了解等诸多方面,较为详尽地向我们展示了火山这一奇妙的自然景观。“”本文由育明考博整理编辑
