2016版第一章冠词冠词可以分为定冠词（the），不定冠词（a,an），和零冠词（即不用冠词，如They’restudents.students前就可以说用的零冠词。Waterisimportant.我们可以说water前用的零冠词。）冠词的用法上可以分为：特指、独指和类指。第1讲冠词的特指、独指和类指考点1.定冠词的特指用法定冠词的特指用法：非常明确地指出何人或何物，相当于汉语中的“这个/那个；这些/那些”，可以分为前照应特指、后照应特指和语境特指。A.前照应特指名词带有后置定语来修饰限定这个名词，表明这个名词是特定的某一个。冠词在前面与后面的描述照应。如：Thisisthebookyoulentmeyesterday.这就是你昨天借给我的那本书。ThisistheboyfromEngland.这就是来自英国的那个男孩。1.【2015重庆】Ijustheard____bankwhereDoraworkswasrobbedby______gunmanwearingamask.A.the;/B.a;/C.the;aD.a;the2.【2014陕西】______villagewhereIwasbornhasgrowninto______town.A.The;aB.A;theC.The;theD.A;aB.后照应特指第一次提到某物某人时用不定冠词，再次提到该人该物时用定冠词。冠词在后面与前面相照应。如：Iboughtabookyesterday.Thebookcostme20yuan.3.Thisis_____egg._____eggisbig.A.a;AB.an;AnC.a;TheD.an;The4.Thereis_____bridgeoverthere._____bridgeismadeofwood.A.the;TheB.a;AC.the;AD.a;TheC.语境特指不是建立在上下文的照应关系上，而是建立在谈话双方共有的知识上。如：Openthedoor.把门打开。Whereisthebook？那本书在哪里？5.【2011山东】Takeyourtime—it’sjust_____shortdistancefromhereto_____restaurant.A./;theB.a;theC.the;aD./;a6.【2006北京】Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover_____keyboard.Youshouldn’tputdrinksnear_____computer.A.the;/B.the;aC.a;/D.a;a7.【2008江西】—Iamsosorrytohavecomelateforthemeeting.—Itisnotyourfault.With_____rush-hourtrafficand_____heavyrain,itisnowonderyouwerelate.A.a;aB.the;theC./;/D./;a考点2.独指：指世上独一无二的事定冠词的独指用法：世界上独一无二的事物前，要用定冠词。如：thesun,themoon,theearth,theworld,thesky,theuniverse,etc.8.Wecansee_____sunand_____moonin_____picture.A.a;the;theB.the;a;theC.a;the;aD.the;the;the9.It’s_____pleasuretosee_____sunrisingin_____east.A./;the;/B.a;/;/C.a;the;theD./;the;the考点3.类指A.可数名词表示类指时，有三种情况Ahorseisadomestic（家养的）animal.1=Thehorseisadomesticanimal.=Horsesaredomesticanimals.但是这三种类指方法各有侧重：the指的是整个类别，这个类别是可以区别于另一个类别的(多用于谈论发明物和科技问题)。如：ThecompasswasinventedinChina,butthecomputerwasnot.罗盘是在中国发明的，但计算机不是。a(n)侧重于指类别中任何一个的特点。如：Acathasfourlegs.猫有四条腿。不用冠词的复数名词侧重指类别中的许多个体。如：Childrenusuallystartwalkingataroundoneyearold.小孩儿一般一岁左右开始走路。Doyoulikehorses?你喜欢马吗？(不能说Doyoulikeahorse?)在类指时如何使用冠词要根据所要表达内容的具体情况而定。Thetigerisindangerofbecomingextinct.虎有灭绝的危险。(不能说“Atigerisindangerofbecomingextinct.”。濒临灭绝指的是整个虎类，而不是任何一只老虎都面临灭绝的危险。)10._____areverypopularwithpeopleallovertheworld,butdoyouknowwhowasitthatinvented_____telephone?A.Thetelephone;/B.Telephone;aC.Thetelephones;theD.Telephones;the11._____trainsarefasterthan_____buses.A./;/B.The;/C./;theD.The;a12.【2012江西】TheSmithsdon’tlikestayingat_____hotels,butlastsummertheyspentafewdaysataverynicehotelby_____sea.A./;aB.the;theC./;theD.the;a13.【2011全国I】Itisgenerallyacceptedthat_____boymustlearntostandupandfightlike_____man.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;/14.InChina,_____carisbecoming_____popularmeansoftransportation.A.the;aB.a;/C.the;theD.a;the15.【2009北京】...
