牛津英语模块十第三单元Grammar+and+Usage精品教案VIP专享VIP免费

GrammarandusageStep1GeneralintroductionThegrammaritemsinthisunitfocusononeaspectofthestructureofatext—thedevelopmentofatext.Youwilllearnhowatextshouldbewrittentoallowreaderstomovefromoneideatothenexteasily.Youwillgettoknowthattherearefourfeaturesthatcanhelpdevelopatextlogically.Youareexpectedtoapplywhatyouhavelearnttopracticebyfinishinganexercise.Step2Explanation—thedevelopmentofatext1.Turnyourbookstopages34and35andhavealook:T:Howmanyparagraphsarethereinthetext?(Therearetenparagraphs.)T:Whatisthetitleofthetext?(Thetitleis‘Aidstoday’.)T:Canwelearnwhatthetextisaboutfromthetitle?(Yes.WelearnthatthetextisaboutthedeadlydiseaseofAidsatthepresenttime.)T:Ifyouareaskedtodividethewholetextintoseveralparts,howwillyoudivideit?(Wecandivideitintothreeparts.Thefirstpartistheintroductioninthefirstparagraph.Thesecondpartisthemainbodyandincludesthenexteightparagraphs.Theconclusionisthelastparagraph,andisthelastpart.)T:Whatisthemainideaofthefirstpart?(ItgivesusanexampletoshowushowseriousthesituationofAidsisinAfrica.)T:Whatisthesecondpartabout?(IttellsussomedetailedinformationabutAids.Forexample,whatcausesAids,thewayspeoplegetinfectedwithaids,howseriousthesituationisaroundtheworldandwhattheUNandtheChinesegovernmenthavebeendoingtodealwiththissituation.)T:Whatisthelastpartabout?(ItrefersagaintotheexamplementionedinthefirstparagraphandpointsoutthekeytostoppingAidsinthefuture.)T:Nowwecanseehowatextisdeveloped.Weknowthatatextusuallyincludesseveralparts.Wecallthesepartsthetitle,thebeginningparagraph,thebodyparagraphsandtheconcludingparagraph.Now,let’sgoovertheGrammarandUsagesectiontolearnhowtodevelopatextlogically.2.ReadtheguidelinesandPart1.Canyoualsothinkofsometitlesofsomeotherarticlesthatarenottoolongandareclearandsimple?3.GooverthethreepointsofPart2andseewhatshouldbeincludedinthebeginningparagraph.4.GooverPart3.Thispartwilltellyouthateachbodyparagraphusuallycontainsatopicsentencesandaconcludingsentencetotheparagraph.Trytofindwhatthetopicsentenceshouldbelikeandwhereitcanbefound,whatsupportingsentencesare,andwhatthefunctionofaconcludingsentenceisinaparagraph.5.ReadPart4andtrytofindhowtheconcludingparagraphfunctionsinatext.6.Dotheexerciseonpage41.Readthesentencesanddecidewhichparagraphtheybelongtoandwhattypeofsentenceeachoneis.Answers:Step3.Practice1.Nowlet’scometoPartsC1andC2onpage116inWorkbook,sothatyoucanhavemorechancestopracticewhatyouhavelearntinthissection.2.Readthefollowingpassageanddotheexercisesasyouarerequiredto.AreThereExtra-Terrestrials?(1)Manyscientiststodaybelievethatlifeexistselsewhereintheuniverse—lifeprobablymuchlikethatonourownplanet.Theyreasoninthefollowingway.(2)Asfarasastronomerscandetermine,theentireuniverseisbuiltofthesamematter.Theyhavenoreasontodoubtthatmatterobeysthesamelawsineverypartoftheuniverse.Therefore,itisreasonabletoguessthatotherstars,withtheirownplanets,wereborninsamewayasourownsolarsystem.Whatweknowoflifeonearthsuggeststhatlifewillarisewherevertheproperconditionsexist.(3)Liferequirestherightamountandkindofatmosphere.Thiseliminatesallthoseplanetsintheuniversethatarenotaboutthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Asmallerplanetwouldloseitsatmosphere;alargeronewouldholdtoomuchofit.(4)Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.Thiseliminatesdoublestars,orstarsthatburnupsuddenly.Onlysinglestarsthataresteadysourcesofheatandlightlikeoursunwouldquality.Finally,lifeco...