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DoctorateStudentsWritingandDoctorateStudentsWritingandSpeakingClassSpeakingClass““Summarizing”Summarizing”““Articles”Articles”““Subject-VerbAgreement”Subject-VerbAgreement”““MoreSummarizing”MoreSummarizing”WritingaSummaryWritingaSummaryTowriteyoursummary,Towriteyoursummary,firstscanthedocumentfirstscanthedocumentyouaresummarizingtogetanoverallimpression.youaresummarizingtogetanoverallimpression.ThenThenreaditcarefullyreaditcarefully,highlightingorunderlining,highlightingorunderliningthemostsignificantinformation.themostsignificantinformation.YouwillwanttoespeciallypaycloseattentiontoYouwillwanttoespeciallypaycloseattentiontothethefirstandlastsentencefirstandlastsentenceofeachparagraph.ofeachparagraph.UsuallythefirstsentenceisthetopicsentenceandUsuallythefirstsentenceisthetopicsentenceandthelastasummaryoftheparagraphsotheywillthelastasummaryoftheparagraphsotheywillhavethemostimportantideas.havethemostimportantideas.WritingaSummaryWritingaSummaryTheFirstSentence:TheFirstSentence:AneasywaytobeginwritingasummaryistoAneasywaytobeginwritingasummaryistorefertotheauthorandwhattheyhavewrittenrefertotheauthorandwhattheyhavewrittenabout.about.AgeneralformatforthefirstsentenceisasAgeneralformatforthefirstsentenceisasfollows:follows:Inhis/her/thearticle{“Articlename,”}Inhis/her/thearticle{“Articlename,”}{Author’sname}+{primaryverb}+{main{Author’sname}+{primaryverb}+{mainidea}.idea}.TheFirstSentenceTheFirstSentenceInhis/her/thearticle{“Articlename,”}Inhis/her/thearticle{“Articlename,”}{Author’sname}+{primaryverb}+{main{Author’sname}+{primaryverb}+{mainidea}.idea}.Example:Inhisarticle“ChildrenandVideoExample:Inhisarticle“ChildrenandVideoGames,”StevePetersonGames,”StevePetersonstronglyrecommendsstronglyrecommendsthatthatparentsshouldnotallowtheirchildrentoparentsshouldnotallowtheirchildrentoplayvideogames.playvideogames.TheFirstSentenceTheFirstSentenceThereareanumberofprimaryverbsthatcanbeThereareanumberofprimaryverbsthatcanbeusedinasummary.Someofthemostcommonusedinasummary.Someofthemostcommonarelistedhere.arelistedhere.1.Claims1.Claims2.Recommends3.Argues2.Recommends3.Argues4.Reports4.Reports5.Shows5.Shows6.Insists6.Insists7.Explains7.Explains8.Describes8.Describes9.Suggests9.SuggestsNote:ManyoftheseverbswilloftenbefollowedNote:Manyoftheseverbswilloftenbefollowedbytheword“that”.bytheword“that”.OtherFirstSentenceExamplesOtherFirstSentenceExamplesInthearticle“Menaredifferentthanwomen”,Inthearticle“Menaredifferentthanwomen”,theauthordescribes10importantdifferencestheauthordescribes10importantdifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.betweenmenandwomen.Inthisarticle,theauthorexplainshowtheInthisarticle,theauthorexplainshowtheChineseeconomyhasdevelopedsoquicklyinChineseeconomyhasdevelopedsoquicklyinthelasttenyears.thelasttenyears.TheRestoftheSummaryTheRestoftheSummaryThefirstsentenceshouldbefollowedbytheThefirstsentenceshouldbefollowedbythemainideasandsupportingideasinthesamemainideasandsupportingideasinthesameorderthattheyappearinthetext.Rememberthatorderthattheyappearinthetext.RememberthatallsentencesshouldbestatedinallsentencesshouldbestatedinYOUROWNYOUROWNWORDSWORDS.Ifyouabsolutelymustuseasentence.Ifyouabsolutelymustuseasentenceorphrasefromtheoriginaltext,makesurethatitorphrasefromtheoriginaltext,makesurethatitisputwithinquotationmarks("").Alsoisputwit...