5A语法知识讲解与练习一、现在进行时——当表示现在正在进行或正在发生的动作时，通常用现在进行时表示。（1）肯定句构成：主语+be(am/is/are)+现在分词V-ing(+其他)（2）否定句：Be动词(am,is,are)后加not.Heisnotmakingcakes.他不在做蛋糕。（3）一般疑问句：Be动词提到句首，句号变问号，如Ishemakingcakes?他正在做蛋糕吗？Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.现在分词的构成：（1）一般在动词末尾加ing,如：think→thinkingstand→standing（2）以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，如skate→skating（3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing,如：put→puttingrun-runningswim→swimming注：一般现在时与现在进行时比较：Ihavebreakfastataboutsixthirty.我大约六点三十吃早饭。Iamhavingbreakfastnow.我现在在吃早饭。例题：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.二、can（情态动词）句型表示表示某某人的能力，会如何如何基本句型：肯定句人称+can+动词原型否定句人称+cannot+动词原型cannot=can’t例题：1.你会（做）什么？我会游泳。Whatcanyou?Ican.2.他会弹吉他吗？不，他不会。Canhetheguitar?No,he.三、like(一般现在时)句型表示个人喜好的句子1.like+名词（同一类东西用名词复数，具体某物看情况单复数）2.like+doingsth.likewatchingTV喜欢看电视likeswimming喜欢游泳例题：①Whatdoyoulike?→Ilike.(猴子)②Whatdotheylike?→Theylikethat.(风筝)③Davidlikesfootball.Doyoulikefootball?Yes,Ido.四、第三人称单数情况①havehas选择:一般现在时的肯定句中，主语是第三人称单数用has这类主语有He/She/It外还有类似MissLi/Mybrother/LiuTao/Thedoctor/Thecat等。其他情况都用have.②主语是第三人称单数时，在一般现在时的特殊疑问句中，助动词应为does，has应恢复为have.即不能说：Whatdohehas?而应为：Whatdoeshehave?例题：1.Myparentssomefruit.Whatyou?Isomedrinks.2.MrBlackastove.WhatNancy?Sheablanket.3.Mydogbigeyes.Theserabbitslongears.五、人称代词的宾格Showmeyourbook.给我看你的书Showyourbooktome.把你的书给我看看Canyoushowusyournewwatch？你能否把你的新手表给我们看看？（注意动词show后面的代词用宾格代词us而不是we,介词to也是）Iyouhesheitweyoutheymeyouhimheritusyouthem例题：用词的正确形式填空1.Let(I)show(you)howto(make)acake.2.MissLiisteaching(they)aboutshapes.3.Sometimes(he)likesshowing(he)picturesto(we).综合练习：用所给的词的适当形式填空1.Listen,Jim__________(sing)anEnglishsonginthemusicroom.2.It’stwoo’clockintheafternoon.We_________(have)anEnglishclassnow.3.Ilike__________(sing).She_________(like)_________(dance).4.Look,They_________(play)footballintheplayground.5.LiuTaocan(swim).6.Howmany(child)arethereinyourclass?There(be)thirty.7.I’dlike__________(buy)some(peach)inthesupermarket.8.Let(we)(help)(she)with(she)homework.9.We__________(want)(go)(fish).10.There(be)somemilkinthebottle.12.Iwantto__________(buy)someinterestingbooksatthebookshop13.There(be)some(knife)and(fork)inthecupboard.14.(be)there(some)breadinthefridge?No,there.15.Todayisthe__________(one)dayofthenewterm.16.Thereany(student)intheclassroom.They(play)volleyballnow.17.Shallwe__________(go)tothecinemabybike?Allright.18.Show(they)how(draw)thesun.
