动词不定式概说动词不定式(todo)是初中英语课的一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个项目。动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式，很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆（1）基本形式：to+动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to）（2）特点：A.没有人称和数的变化C.有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形式为tobe+动词过去分词）B.可以有自己的宾语和状语动词不定式A、作主语,Tolearn\Learningaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Tohelp\helpingothersisgood.Itisgoodothers.帮助他人是件好事。tohelp=It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.动词不定式用法动词不定式在句中作主语时，除了直接作主语外，常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语Itis＋adj（形容词）for/ofsb＋todosth．或Itis＋n．（名词）for/ofsb＋todosth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。ItisagoodideatospeakEnglishwithforeigners.注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时,表语的形容词为kind，nice,good，polite，rude,clever，foolish，right，wrong等修饰人的形容词。例：It’srightofhimtodoso.Itisdangerousforyoutoswimintheriver.返回B、作表语，放在be之后Theimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.Whatyouhavetodonowis(打扫教室)tocleantheclassroom动词不定式One’sjob\hobby\work\plan\dream\hope\wishinterestistodosthHiswishistobecomeascientist．Ourdutyistoprotecttheenviroment.ThefirstimportantthingistosavethechildrenC作宾语1)动词+todo常见动词有agree,decide,fail,hope,start\like\lovewish,want,plan,wouldlike,prefer,needbegin\try\offer,等1Hedecided(buy)thecamera.tobuy2Iwant(listento)somemusicafterclass.tolistento3Ihope(travel)allovertheworldoneday.totravel动词不定式stop，forget，remember，goon,continue,try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。提示板：1）stoptodosth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。stopdoingsth．：停止正在做的事。例句：Whentheteachercamein，thestudentsstoppedtalking；当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；whenhecameout，thestudentsstoppedtotalk．当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。2）思考：forget，remember，goon，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别？2)动词+疑问词+todoIdon’tknowwhattodo.howtodoit/that.(去哪里)(什么时候出发)(选择哪个)WheretogoWhentoleaveWhichonetochoose动词不定式“疑问词＋不定式”用法不定式前可带what，who，which，where，when，how,whose，等疑问词，这种不定式短语在句中作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。例：Hedidn’ttellmewheretogo.(直宾)Idon’tknowwhattosaynow.(宾语)Idon'tknowwhattodonext．（宾语）Hetaughtushowtousethecomputer．（宾语补足语）It'sstillaquestionhowtogetthere．（主语）在初中阶段还涉及到“不定式被动语态一般式(tobe+过去分词)”例：Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.返回3)find+it(形式宾语）+宾补+todoIfinditimportanttolearnEnglish我发现很难和他好好相处.我发现在炎热的夏天很容易入睡Ifindithardtogetonwellwithhim.Ifinditeasytofallasleepinhotsummer.动词不定式点击规律：在find／feel/think＋it＋adj．＋todosth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如：Themandownstairsfounditdifficulttogettosleep．Ifeeliteasytorecitethetext．1)动词+宾语+todoLiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.注：有以上结构的常用动词有tell\invitewish,ask,Want,wouldlike,invite,teach,help,allow,encourage,advise等。2)动词+宾语+do(不带to的不定式)注：常用的动词是:感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice；使役动词have,make,let.动词不定式做宾补注：常用的动词是:感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,noticesbdosth与see,hear,feel,watch,noticesbdoingsth区别：IoftenhearTom____(talk)inclass.WhenIenteredtheroomInoticedTom____(...
