PassageAItishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.Differentmetalshavedifferentuses，forexample，steelisusedincars，andironisusedinelectricalequipment.Whenweusemetals，itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances，forexample，waterandoxygen.Thereactionofmetalswiththesesubstancescanbeputinorder.Hereisatablewiththemetalsthatreactmostatthetop，andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom.READINGANDVOCABULARYMetalHeatedinoxygenReactionwithwaterorsteamPotassiumBurnstoformanoxide*ReactingwithcoldwaterSodiumCalciumMagnesiumReactingwithsteamAluminiumZincIronReactsslowlyPartialreactionCopperPartialreactionNoreaction*anoxide＝anothersubstance＋oxygenPassageBASimpleScientificExperimentBelowisadescriptionofasimplescientificexperiment.Itshowsushowironreactswithairandwithwater.Aim:Tofindoutifironrusts(a)indryair；(b)inwaterthathasnoairinit(airfreewater)；(c)inordinarywater.Apparatus:3cleanironnails；testtubes；testtubeholder；cottonwool；oil；Bunsenburner.IronindryairMethod(1)Putsomeironnailsatthebottomofatesttube.(2)Pushsomecottonwooldownthetube.(3)Leavethetubeforoneweek.ResultAfteroneweek，thenailshavenotrusted.ConclusionIrondoesnotrustindryair.IroninairfreewaterMethod(1)Halffillatesttubewithwater.(2)Boilthewaterforthreeminutes.(Thismakessurethereisnoairinthewater.)(3)Puttwoorthreecleannailsinthewater.(4)Addsomeoiltothewater.Thiswillkeepairoutofthewater.(5)Leavethetubeforoneweek.ResultThenailsdonotrustinthetubewithairfreewater.ConclusionIrondoesnotrustinairfreewater.IroninordinarywaterMethod(1)Halffillatesttubewithwaterandaddtwoorthreecleannails.(2)Leavethetubeforoneweek.ResultThenailsrustinthetubewithordinarywater.ConclusionIronrustsinordinarywater.文章A很难想象一个没有金属的世界。不同的金属有不同的用途，比如，钢材用于汽车中，铁用于电气设备(electricalequipment)中。当我们使用金属时，了解它们与不同的物质如何反应(react)很重要，比如，水和氧气。(不同的)金属与这些物质的反应(reaction)程度可以按顺序排列。表中金属反应最强的排在上面，反应最弱的排在下面。金属在氧气中加热跟水或蒸汽反应钾(potassium)燃烧生成(form)氧化物(oxide)跟冷水反应钠(sodium)钙(calcium)镁(magnesium)跟蒸汽反应铝(aluminium)锌(zinc)铁反应缓慢局部反应铜(copper)局部(partical)反应无反应*一种氧化物＝另一种物质＋氧文章B一个简单的科学实验下面是对一个简单的科学实验的描述。它向我们展示铁如何与空气和水反应。目的：为了弄清铁在下列情况下是否生锈(rust)(a)在干燥的空气中；(b)在没有空气的水中；(c)在普通的(ordinary)水中。仪器：3枚干净的铁钉；试管；试管架；棉球；油；本生酒精灯。铁在干燥的空气中方法(1)把几枚铁钉放入试管底部。(2)把一些棉球放入试管。(3)将试管放置一周。结果一周后，铁钉没有生锈。结论(conclusion)铁在干燥的空气中不生锈。铁在没有空气的水中方法(1)在试管中注入一半水。(2)把水煮(boil)3分钟。(这样可以确保水中没有空气。)(3)把2到3枚干净的铁钉放入水中。(4)在水中加入(add...to...)一些油。这将防止空气进入水中。(5)将试管放置一周。结果铁钉在没有空气的水中没有生锈。结论铁在没有空气的水中不生锈。铁在普通的水中方法(1)在试管中注入一半水，加入2到3枚干净的铁钉。(2)将试管放置一周。结果铁钉在盛有普通的水的试管中生锈了。结论铁在普通的水中生锈。Myfeelingsaboutsciencehavereallychanged.Ineverusedtoenjoyscience，butlastyearIchangedschools，andthescienceteachersatmynewschoolareexcellent.Thesciencefacilitiesareverygood，withlaboratoriesthathaveallthelatestequipment.Ourchemistryteacher，MrLongford，takesustopublicsciencelecturesaboutfourtimesaterm，andthesearealways...
