Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 , 也可表示过去已经开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。 构成 : 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。( 当主语是第三人称单数时用 has, 其余人称用have 。过去分词 : 规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同 ; 不规则动词需要特殊记忆。 ) 否定式 : 主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他。 疑问式 : Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他 ? 简略答语 : Yes, 主语 + have/has.( 肯定 ) No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.( 否定 ) The Past Perfect Tense 定义:①表示发生在过去的动作对过去晚些时候造成的影响或结果②过去某一动作一直持续到过去晚些时候将来可能还要延续。发生在前的那个动作【过去的过去】 二)基本结构: 主语 +had+ 过去分词vpp.(done) ①肯定句:主语 +had+ 过去分词 . ②否定句:主语 +had+not+ 过去分词 . ③一般疑问句: Had+ 主语 + 过去分词 ? 肯定回答: Yes, 主语 +had. 否定回答: No, 主语 +had not . ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组 +一般疑问句( Had+ 主语 + 过去分词)? ⑤ 被动语态:主语 +had ( hadn't)+been+ 过去分词By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals. We had already had lunch before we arrived there.过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻以前已经完成的动作或存在的状态,其构成形式为“助动词 had +过去分词”。nowpastfuture过去完成现在完成过去完成式表示在过去某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。The past perfect passive = The past perfect + The passive voice过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种形式:(1) 肯定结构:主语+ had been done +其他成分 ;(2) 否定结构:主语+ had not been done +其他成分 ;(3) 疑问句结构: had +主语+ been done +其他成分 ;疑问词+ had +主语+ been done +其他成分。 1.By the end of last month, the work had been finished. 2.The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. 3.The work was done earlier than it had been planned. 4.As soon as their homework had been assi...