动词不定式用法

动词不定式用法一、动词不定式的基本形式是“不定式符号 to+动词原形”，有时可以不带 to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。在句中不能单独作谓语，但仍保留动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式同它的宾语和状语一起构成不定式短语。例如：to sell flowers in the street 在街上卖花 to speak in the classroom 在教室里讲话不定式省 to 有四种情况：1、使役动词 let, make, have 等后接不定式。例如：Let him go! The boss made the child labors work the whole night.2、would rather, had better 后。例如：You had better stay at home.3、Why…/Why not…后。例如：Why not have a good rest on Sunday?4、感官动词 see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find，notice 等后作宾语补足语，省 to。例如：I saw him dance.注意：这些情况在被动语态中，不可省 to.例如：The child labors were made to work the whole night. 二、动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 1、用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用 it 作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首。例如：The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. How to make requests politely is important. 2、用作表语动词不定式作表语，常用在 be 动词及 seem, appear, happen 等词之后，构成系表结构。说明主语的内容、性质、特征。例如：The best way to improve your English is to join an English club. She seem to be well-known. 3、用作宾语○1. 用作宾语的动词不定式，常用在动词 ask, choose, agree，expect, hope, decide, learn，prefer, know，wish, want, would like / love 等及物动词之后，构成动宾短语。例如：We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. He prefers to eat white bread and rice. I’d love to visit Mexico.○2.动词 feel, find, make, think, believe 等，在语法上不能接受不定式作宾语，只有用...