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2.定语从句讲解与练习题VIP免费

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1定语从句一、定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如:Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.一、关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语。1.作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。Idon'tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.2.作宾语:SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled"TheGreat2Escape".3.作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如:What'sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.4.作状语I'llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。例如:Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。例如:Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate?MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.3.whose指人,在定语从句中作定语。例如:Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.4.which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如:Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.5.that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如:3I'vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?6.when指时间,在定语从句中作状语。例如:I'llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.7.where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。例如:Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.三、关系代词whom,which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如:Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroomwhichwehadlivedinfortenyears.四、具体使用时还要注意下列问题:1.只能使用that,不用which的情况:(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。Allthathesaidistrue.(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。例如:Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.4(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如:Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如:Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.2.只能用which,不用that的情况:(1)在非限制性定语从中。例如:Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时。例如:Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.1-Doestheteacherknoweverybody____plantedthetrees?-Yes,hedoes.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.who2.Theletter_____Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that3.-Whereisthescientist_____gaveusthetalkyesterday?-HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which4.Ihatepeople_____talkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who一、单项填空51.-Whoisthe...

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2.定语从句讲解与练习题

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