1一.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。二．什么是先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。三．什么是关系词：把先行词和定语从句连接起来的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。一.关系代词引导的定语从句(一）.当先行词指人时，可以用who,that,whom引导定语从句，who做主语或宾语，但在介词后只用whom;that可以在从句中做主语，宾语，表语；whom可以在从句中做宾语。注：做宾语的词都可省略。(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.(3)Mr.Liuisthepersonwhomyoutalkedaboutonthebus.(4)Mr.LinisjusttheboywhomIwanttosee.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(5)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.(6)Sheisnolongerthegirlthatsheusedtobe.(7)Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.(8)Whereistheman(that,/,whom)Isawthismorning?(9)Hewasnotthemanthathewasbefore.(10)Sheisnolongerthewomanthatshewas.（二）当先行词指物时，可用that或which引导定语从句.that或which在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(2)Thisisthepenwhich/that/xheboughtyesterday.(3)that’sthefilmwhich/thatwillbeshownnextweek.小结：从上面可以看出that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语做宾语时可省略。注意事项---主谓一致1oneof+n.pl,从句的谓语动词用复数Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthathavebeenpublishedthisyear.2theonly,thevery,therightoneof+npl,从句的谓语动词用单数。（三）.当先行词指人或指物，修饰定语从句中的主语时，用whose引导定语从句。(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?(6)Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?(7)Hestilllivesintheroom,thewindowofwhichfacestotheeast.(8)Thisisthetallestbuildinghere,fromthetopofwhichyoucanenjoyafineviewofthecity.(9)Thereisamountain,ofwhichthetopisalwayscoveredwithsnow.2小结：whose在定语从句中即可指人也可指物，指人时等于ofwhom指物时等于ofwhich，whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich/whom==ofwhich/whomthe+名词。还原到定语从句中时位于名词前做定语，译为“---的”注;ofwhich,ofwhom除表示拥有关系以外，还表示所属关系。1Thisdictionary,thefewpagesofwhicharemissing,isuseless.2Theoldmanhasthreesons,twoofwhomareworkinginthishospital.3Therearedifferentformsofenergy,mostofwhichcomefromthesun.4Theforeignguests,mostofwhomweregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.难点对比----1IwillcallonmyfriendTom,themanagerofwhosecompanyismyfather’sstudent.(公司的经理）2IwillcallonmyfriendTom,themangerwhosecompanyfacessouthismyfather’sstudent.（经理的公司）（四）当先行词前有such,thesame,so等修饰词时，用as引导定语从句。1.Thisisthesamethingasweareinneedof.同样的东西我们也需要2.suchbooksasIreadareinteresting.你我所读的书是有趣的辨析：thesame---asthesame---thatthesame---as侧重同样性。Thesame---that侧重同一性，内容是一样地Ihavethesamepenasyouhave.我有一只和你这只一样的钢笔。I’veseenthesamefilmthatyousawyesterday.我看了和你昨天看的相同的电影。such--assuch---thatsuch与as连用，定语从句缺主语或宾语。such与that连用，定语从句，主宾都不缺1.Itissuchaninterestingfilmthatw...
