GRAMMAR被动语态（一）被动语态常与时态、主谓一致等一起考查。我们先通过下面的表格来复习一下不同时态的被动语态的构成形式。时间形式一般式进行式完成式过去was/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendone现在am/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendone将来shall/willbedoneshall/willhavebeendone下面我们以高考题为例，对被动语态的用法作个总结和延伸。考点一：在时态中的应用【考例回顾】1.Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms______allovertheworld.（天津2011）A.haveproducedB.havebeenproducedC.areproducingD.arebeingproduced2.Experimentsofthiskind______inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.（北京2011）A.haveconductedB.havebeenconductedC.hadconductedD.hadbeenconducted【点拨】1.答案为B。时间状语Inthelastfewyears常与现在完成时连用；films与produce之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。2.答案为D。根据句意，此动作是在二战之前发生，故用过去完成时；experiments与conduct之间是被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。考点二：在动词不定式中的应用【考例回顾】1.Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecity______bytheirenthusiasticsupporters.(浙江2011)A.beingcheeredB.becheeredC.tobecheeredD.werecheered2.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting______.（江西2010）A.todiscoverB.tobediscoveredC.discoveredD.beingdiscovered【点拨】1.答案为C。theteam与cheer之间是被动关系，再由条件状语从句可知事情还没有发生，故用不定式的被动式。2.答案为B。动词wait后接不定式作宾语且actors与discover之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。【考点解读】动词不定式的被动形式有两种：tobedone和tohavebeendone，前者表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时进行的动作，后者表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作。如IwillattendthepartytobeheldonFriday.Thebookwassaidtohavebeenpublishedbeforehepassedaway.考点三：“系动词+过去分词”表示的被动语态【考例回顾】1.InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremained______abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.（福建2010）A.stickingB.stuckC.tobestuckD.tohavestuck2.Tomknewhewouldcertainlyget______ifhewaslatehome.（四川延考2008）A.shoutatB.toshoutatC.shoutedatD.tobeshoutedat【点拨】1.答案为B。度假者是被困在国外，因此用过去分词stuck构成“remain+过去分词”结构，表示被动。2.答案为C。he与shoutat之间是被动关系，“get+过去分词”也是表达被动的一种结构。【考点解读】在口语或非正式文体中，常用“get/remain+过去分词”来表示被动。考点四：主动表被动的应用【考例回顾】1.Thepalacecaughtfirethreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding______now.（重庆2010）A.remainsB.isremainedC.isremainingD.hasbeenremained2.Thewater______coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.（2006全国卷I）A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feels【点拨】1.答案为A。remain是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，且一般也不用于进行时态。2.答案为C。feel是系动词，没有被动语态。【考点解读】?誗某些表示主语内在品质或性能的意思为“……起来”的及物动词，要用主动形式表达被动含义。这样的动词有：read,sell,write,sell,wash,clean等。如：Thenewpenwritessmoothly.?誗toblame作表语时要用主动表示被动。如：Iamnottoblameforthefailure.?誗动词need/want/require后面的doing相当于tobedone。如：Thebikeneedsrepairing/toberepaired.【体会运用】复习了被动语态的用法后，请完成下列对话来体会其运用。1.A：Thousandsofpeoplehavebeenkilledinthepastfewyearsbecauseofdrunkdriving.Ithinksomemeasuresmustbetakentohandleit.B：Icouldn’tagreemore.ItissaidthatithasbeenputintoCriminalLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaalready,and______________________(以后酒驾者将会受到严惩).A:Inmyopinion,anothermeasuretobetakenistomakethepublicunderstandtheharmofdrunkdriving.B:I’mafraid_______________(这个问题不好处理),foritisatraditioninChinatodrinkatdinners.2.A:Lisa,Igotcaughtinthetrafficjamyesterday.YouwillneverknowhowangryIwas!B:Oh,sorrytohearthat.ThetransportinBeijingreallyneedstobeimproved.A:Yes.Abusfullofpassengershadbeenstuckinthelongqueueforalongtime.Andthedrivergotshoutedatbysomepassengers.B:Heisnottoblameforit._________________(汽车的数量应该控制一下)andpeopleshouldberequestedtotravelbypublictransport.GRAMMAR:【体会运用】1.drunkdriverswillbeheavilypunishedinthefuture;theproblemishardtodealwith2.Thenumberofcarsissupposedtobecontrolled
