初中定语从句知识点详解定语从句考点:①各个关系代词和关系副词的区别及其在从句中做什么成分②只用that的情况③只用which的情况知识点总结:一、各个关系代词和关系副词的区别及具体用法:(一)、1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。例如:Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可以省略,若前面有介词,则不可省略,也不能用that,例如:Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate?MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.ThemantowhomourteacherisspeakingisfromCanada.3.whose指人,也可指物(拟人化的物),意思是“谁的”,在定语从句中作定语。例如:Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.Iliveinahousewhosewindowsfacethesouth.4.which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如:Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.5.that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,做宾语时可以省略。例如:I’vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.Whoistheboythat/whomIsawthismorning?6.when指时间,在定语从句中作状语。例如:I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.7.where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。例如:Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.8.why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语:Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelookssadtoday.(二)关系代词和冠词副词引导的从句有什么区别?关键点:1、关系副词在从句中是做状语,记住,只做状语,不能做其他的成分。2、关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换。如:thereasonwhyherefusedtheinvitationisclear.=Thereasonforwhichherefusedtheinvitationisclear.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecitywhereIwasborn.=TreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhichIwasborn.Thetimewhenwegottegetherfinallycame.=Thetimeinwhichwegottogetherfinallycame.样板题一:1、Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which解题思路:此题中,从句是hearrived,它已经是一个完整的句子,因此,这里要填一个在从句中充当状语的成分,C选项和D选项都不能做在从句中作状语,因此排除掉,theday指的是时间,因此,要填上表示时间的关系副词when。练习题:1、Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why2、Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when3.Thisistheplace_____Ihaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which4.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich5.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where6.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where7.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where8.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where样板题二:用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.解题思路:所谓定语从句,就是把两句话压缩成一句话,而且,这两句话肯定辉提到同一个东西,因此,首先要找两句话都提到了的东西,此题中,两句话都提到了同一个东西——一个人(theboy,he)这就是共同点,人我们是用who或whom表示,两句话都是做主语,因此,只能用在从句中作主语的who,不能在从句中做宾语的whom,因此,答案是:Theboywhowashereaminuteagoismyyoungerbrother.练习题:1.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.2.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.3.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.4.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.样板题三:用关系代词或...