第1页共5页复杂反应-丙酮溴化复杂反应-丙酮溴化反应实验数据处理溴水:0.02mol/L丙酮:2.5mol/L盐酸:2mol/L溴水的透射率:19.6%由得到:实验一:25℃时丙酮溴化透射率的测定由图中回归曲线可知直线斜率为:K=0.0061已知:所以:实验二:35℃时丙酮溴化透射率的测定第2页共5页复杂反应-丙酮溴化由图中回归曲线可知直线斜率为:K=0.0126根据25℃时的处理方法得到:根据阿雷尼乌斯公式:活化能=53.18KJ即得到丙酮溴化反应的活化能为53.18KJ。思考题:1.将反应物开始混合,到开始记录反应时间,中间有一段不算很短的操作时间,这对实验结果有无影响?为什么?答:这对于实验结果应该是没有影响的,因为实验中计算反应常数时,利用的是lg(T)对时间t的斜率,最开始一段反应时间没记录也不会对计算斜率产生明显的影响,因此计算出的活化能也不会有明显的影响。2.实验中,若钨丝灯光源的强度不稳定,对实验结果有何影响?答:实验中测定的是透过混合液的光强,实验开始时确定了,于是得到透射率为,如果实验过程中发生波动的话,一定会对透射率产生影响,会影响到计算的斜率。3.本实验是否可提出新的反应机理,而推得的丙酮溴化反应的动力学方程不变?答:类似反应机理如下:第3页共5页复杂反应-丙酮溴化试验结果分析:1.溴水极不稳定,容易挥发,使溴水的浓度降低,影响实验结果。所以溴水应尽量配制后立即使用。2.实验所用溶液浓度在配制时一定要准确,否则会对实验造成较大误差。3.温度对试验结果影响很大,应该准确控制反应温度,以减小实验误差。胡飞材料1202U201211027附:1.实验数据测量时间/min透射率(35℃)lg(T)透射率(25℃)lg(T)0.538.71.58771096535.11.5453071161391.59106460735.31.5477747051.539.51.59659709635.51.550228353第4页共5页复杂反应-丙酮溴化239.81.59988307235.91.5550944492.540.51.60745502336.51.562292864341.21.614897216371.5682017243.541.61.61909333137.11.56937391442.21.62531245137.21.570542944.542.71.63042787537.41.572871602543.31.63648789637.51.5740312685.543.91.6424645237.81.5774918644.51.648360011381.5797835976.545.21.65513843538.31.583198774745.81.66086547838.51.585460737.546.41.66651798138.91.5899496018471.67209785839.21.5932860678.547.71.67851837939.51.596597096948.31.68394713139.81.5998830729.549.11.69108149240.21.6042260531049.81.69722934340.51.60745502310.550.61.70415051740.81.6106601631151.41.71096311941.21.61489721611.552.11.71683772341.51.6180480971252.81.72263392341.81.62117628212.553.61.7291647942.21.6253124511354.61.73719264342.51.6283889313.555.41.74350976542.81.6314437691456.21.74973631643.11.6344772714.557.11.75663610843.41.637489731557.91.76267856443.81.64147411115.558.81.76937732644.11.6444385891659.81.77670118444.31.64640372616.560.61.78247262444.61.6493348591761.61.78958071244.81.65127801417.562.41.7951845945.11.6541765421863.51.80277372545.41.65705585318.564.51.80955971545.81.6608654781965.51.8162413461.66275783219.566.31.82151352846.31.6655809912067.41.82865989746.61.66838591720.568.21.83378437546.91.6711728432169.31.84073323547.31.67486114121.570.11.84571801847.61.6776069532271.21.85247999447.91.68033551322.572.31.85913829748.21.683047038第5页共5页复杂反应-丙酮溴化2373.31.86510397548.51.68574173923.574.41.87157293648.91.6893088592475.41.87737134649.11.69108149224.576.51.88366143549.51.6946051992577.71.89042101949.81.69722934325.578.71.89597473250.21.7007037172679.81.90200289150.61.70415051726.5811.90848501950.91.7067177822782.11.91434315751.31.71011736527.583.31.92064500151.61.7126497022884.51.92685670951.91.71516735828.585.61.93247376552.21.7176705032986.61.93751789252.61.72098574429.5881.94448267252.91.7234556723089.11.94987770453.31.7267272092.小组成员姓名学号班级胡飞U201211027材料科学与工程1202班杨胜U201211028材料科学与工程1202班陈俊宇U201211030材料科学与工程1202班