高考阅读微技能---猜测词义Aguessinggame1.Whatmustyoukeepaftergivingittosomeoneelse?Yourword.2.Whichtravelsfaster,heatorcold?Heat.Youcancatchcold.3.Whatmightonemagnet(磁铁）saytoanothermagnet?You’reattractive.4.WheredoesFridaycomebeforeThursday?Inthedictionary.5.It’syours,butothersuseitmorethanyoudo.Whatisit?Yourname.Sumup:Howcanyoumakeaguess?Makefulluseoftheinformationgiveninthesentence.Usethemeaningsofotherwordsinthesentence.利用上下文猜测词义1．DefinitionandExplanation利用定义或解释skimming=lookingoverapassagequicklyecology=abranchofbiologythatdealswiththehabitsoflivingthings,especiallytheirrelationtotheirenvironmentbeimmortal=willliveforeververtebrates=animalsthathavebackbones快速浏览,略读生态学永远活着,不死的有脊椎动物mean意思是,referto指的是,becalled被称为,beknownas作为…为人所知,canbedefinedas可被定义为,thatis即,or即,namely即,thatistosay即是说,inotherwords换言之作者常使用的标志词语有:2．ExamplesandClassification利用举例和类别作者常使用的标志词语有:example,forexample,forinstance例如,suchas,like,asexamples:TimeMagazine,NewsWeek,…classification:magazines=periodicalsexamples:TVsets,washingmachines,…classification:householdappliances期刊,杂志家用电器3．ComparisonandContrast利用比较和对比作者常使用的标志词语有:unlike不象,like,as…as与…一样,more…than,bedifferentfrom,oppositeto与…相反,onthecontrary相反,while而,comparedwith/to,incommon(with)fillip=inexpensiveAistoBwhatCistoD.A对B就如同C对D.食物对人就如同_____对庄稼.肥料middleaged对应older,tall对应muchshorter,asplumpas对应fatplump=fat肥胖的便宜的4．Description利用具体的描述进行概括wretched=miserable悲惨的5．Repetitionofconceptsandsentencestructures利用重复的表述或句子结构workedfrommorningtillnight,inallkindsofweather,earnonlyenoughtobuysimplefoodandcheapclothesbeforeIunderstoodanything,allIcouldmakeoutwasthat…,Ihadn’tthelightestidea…makeout=understand理解利用语法知识猜测词义1．利用定语从句2．利用同位语whicharecancer-causinggenes修饰先行词oncogenes致癌基因adolescence=theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood青春期3．利用关联词语4．利用标点符号提示:括号，破折号，冒号表解释,说明externalfat=fatundertheskininternalfat=fatinsidethebodyinternal=insideexternal=outside内部的外部的,皮下的由however知道dissent是agree的反义词dissent=disagree不同意利用常识猜测词义门很低,头容易撞到_____lintel.门楣从屋顶上的______antenna知道房子里有电视．天线鱼用＿＿gills呼吸．鳃利用构词法猜测词义over+load---overload超过+负担---超负荷,超载free免费giveaway赠送freebiesdis不+honor光荣---不光荣,耻辱免费赠品常见的前缀prefixmeaningexamplesantiagainstanti-warexformerex-wife,ex-presidentexoutofexternal,exportmisbadly/wronglymisunderstand,misleadovertoomuchoversleep,overeatreagain/backrewrite,returnundernotenoughundercookedsubundersubwayin,un,disnotincorrect,disagree,unlike小结:遇到生词莫紧张,先跳后猜是方向.上文下文找线索,构词方法能帮忙.有关知识可利用,切莫纠缠把时荒.
